Chapter 22 The New Era

Forms of entertainment that reached mass audiences in the 1920s included

- magazines. - films.

Which of the following statements about welfare capitalism is true?

It was a paternalistic strategy used by corporate leaders to discourage labor unrest.

After World War I, a generation of Americans became disillusioned with their country and were eager to find personal fulfillment elsewhere. Gertrude Stein called these Americans a

Lost Generation.

In the 1920s, Mexican immigrants to the United States formed a large part of the unskilled workforce of the

Southwest.

After the Klan began voicing concerns about Catholics, Jews, and foreigners in the 1920s,

its membership expanded rapidly both inside and outside of the South.

The majority of married women who worked outside the home in the 1920s were

lower-class.

In the 1920s, motherhood was

redefined

Which of the following is most closely associated with the rise of mass consumer culture?

the automobile

Fundamentalists were largely (although not entirely) from

the countryside.

Artists and intellectuals of 1920s were disenchanted with

the effects of consumerism.

Industrialists during the 1920s were worried about

the overproduction of goods.

The concept of parity in agriculture

was part of an effort to support farmers.

Which of the following would be considered a pink-collar job in the 1920s?

- telephone operator - sales clerk - secretary

True or false: Women of the New Era maintained a rigid, Victorian female respectability in all aspects of their lives.

False

With the discovery of the theory of modulation, the ____ moved beyond Morse code to voice and music.

Radio

The economy of the 1920s was characterized by growth in

economic prosperity.

Middle-class women of the 1920s

remained largely in the home.

Companies that adopted paternalistic techniques were said to be practicing

welfare capitalism.

Leading labor organizations ______ women in pink-collar positions.

were generally uninterested in organizing

Women of the 1920s

were highly dependent on men.

Opponents of prohibition were known as

wets

The reemergence of the Klan in Georgia was influenced by which of the following?

- D. W. Griffith's film The Birth of a Nation - the case of Leo Frank - nativist passions

Which of the following were beliefs of the Protestant fundamentalists in the 1920s?

- literal interpretation of the Bible - preservation of traditional faith - maintenance of religion at the center of American life

Which of the following contributed to a sharp rise in agricultural productivity during the 1920s?

- the addition of new acreage - the proliferation of tractors and other machinery - the development of chemical pesticides and fertilizers

Consumerism is associated with

- the rise of advertising. - advertising that associated products with particular lifestyles rather than just giving facts about a product.

The leader of the the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters was

A. Philip Randolph.

The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s directed its efforts against

African Americans, foreigners, Catholics, and Jews.

Al Smith lost the the presidential election of 1928 to Herbert Hoover, partly as a result of his

Catholicism

What happened soon after the establishment of the National Broadcasting Company, the first national radio network?

Congress passed a law that enabled the regulation of public airwaves.

Which of the following is true of Clarence Darrow's cross-examination of William Jennings Bryan in the Scopes trial?

Darrow got Bryan to admit to the possibility that religious dogma was open to interpretation.

Protestant fundamentalists objected strongly to the teachings of Charles _________ , who had challenged the biblical story of the Creation.

Darwin

Who among the following was not a major figure of the Harlem Renaissance?

Ezra Pound

True or false: The economic success and hard work of Asian immigrants resulted in their acceptance in California during the New Era.

False

Why did Alice Paul oppose the Sheppard-Towner Act, which provided federal funding for prenatal and child health-care programs?

She opposed its classification of all women as mothers.

True or false: Even with the booming economy of the 1920s, the average annual income of workers remained below what was considered necessary to maintain a minimally decent standard of living.

True

Why were there few efforts to actually exclude Mexican immigrants in the West in the 1920s?

Western employers needed the ready pool of low-paid and unorganized workers.

Who was John T. Scopes?

a teacher who challenged a Tennessee law that banned the teaching of evolution

By the early 1930s, researchers had built an instrument that could complete a number of complicated tasks. This instrument was the first

analog computer.

A major study in 1929 found that the majority of Americans were living

at a level no better than minimum comfort.

Why did Margaret Sanger focus her initial promotion of birth control on working-class women?

because she believed that large families contributed to poverty and distress

The growth of the American automobile industry during the 1920s

benefited businesses in many other fields.

The rural Protestant Americans who continued to support prohibition did so because of

cultural fears.

The demand for agricultural goods in the 1920s

did not rise as fast as production.

An emergency immigration act passed by Congress in 1921

established a quota system based on nationality.

Women of the 1920s who behaved and dressed in ways that reflected their liberated lifestyles were known as

flappers

During the 1920s, Thomas Hunt Morgan was an American pioneer in the field of

genetics.

As a result of the National Origins Act of 1924, the immigration system in the United States

greatly favored northwestern Europeans.

During the 1920s, birth control in the United States was

illegal in many states.

Partly as a result of their exclusion from the skilled crafts represented by the AFL, African Americans were

limited to service jobs.

The Democratic Party of the 1920s was

marked by divisions within the party.

In the workplace, the "open shop" meant

no worker was required to join a union.

Japanese immigrants in California

replaced the Chinese in menial jobs after the Chinese Exclusion Acts were enacted.

In the 1920s bestseller The Man Nobody Knows, Jesus Christ was portrayed as a

salesman.

The purpose of the call for agricultural parity was to

set specific prices for farm goods.

For women, companionate marriages tended to involve an increased focus on which of the following?

sexuality

Which of the following factors was key to the growth of commercial radio?

the reliability of vacuum tubes

The primary reason for the lack of effective labor organization in the 1920s was

the strength of corporations.

In the New Era, large sectors of American business accelerated their drive

toward consolidation.

After World War I, views on motherhood shifted toward a belief that

women should rely on expert opinions of doctors and other professionals to raise a child.

The Harlem Renaissance mainly involved

writers, artists, poets, and musicians.