Chapter 9 Quizzes

According to Piaget, children develop abstract reasoning at the ______stage of cognitive development. A. formal operational B. preoperational C. sensorimotor D. concrete operational

A

Early maturing girls are _______. A. at a higher risk of depression, substance abuse, and eating disorders. B. more confident C. more likely to go to college D. less likely to drop out of high school.

A

Jory, a six-year-old, is picking out a card for his mother's birthday. He picks the card with a picture of Lightning McQueen, reasoning that since he loves Cars his mother does to. What does this exemplify? A. egocentrism B. abstract thought C. reversibility D. conservation

A

Madeline is seven months old. Her mother is eating a cookie and Madeline wants some. Her mother hides the cookie under a napkin, but Madeline is not fooled. She knows the cookie is still there. What does this exemplify? A. object permanence B. stranger anxiety C. reversibility D. egocentrism

A

What does nature refer to in the nature vs nurture debate? A. genes and biology B. environment and culture C. Language acquisition D. cognitive capacity

A

What does nurture refer to in the nature vs. nurture debate? A. environment and culture B. sexual preference C. genetics D. biology

A

Which theorist promoted the idea that development is fundamentally affected by one's culture as well as their interactions with their own environment? A. Vygotsky B. Kohlberg C. Ainsworth D. Piaget

A

1. According to Piaget, the first stage of a child's cognitive development is the _______stage. A. concrete operational B. formal operational C. Preoperational D. sensorimotor

D

According to Piaget, during their first year, infants develop ______, the understanding that an object continues to exist even when you cannot see or touch it. A. reversibility B. egocentric thinking C. conservation D. object permanence

D

During adolescence there is a tendency to see people engage in higher levels of risk-taking behavior. Emotional outbursts are also quite common. This is explained by the relative underdevelopment of the ________ lobe of the cerebral cortex. A. occipital B. temporal C. parietal D. frontal

D

Elroy decided not to cheat on the exam because he would fail the class if was caught and get punished by his parents. What stage of moral development does this exemplify? A. conventional B. post-conventional C. formal operational D. pre-conventional

D

Emily is a doctoral student in psychology. She plans to use ________ to complete her doctoral paper, asking individuals to self-report important information about how their thoughts, experiences, and beliefs differ over a 10-year period. A. case studies B. experiments C. naturalistic observations D. surveys

D

Which parenting style is most encouraged in Modern America? A. disorganized B. permissive C. authoritarian D. Authoritative

D

What is an advanced directive? A. a statement of what a person wants down with their estate, including who their possessions should go to. B. A legal document that provides specific interventions that a person wants C. A legal document that bars anyone from providing resuscitative care if one's heart should stop or they stop breathing. D. An indication of what a person wants for their own funeral ceremonies (including requesting that no funeral be held.)

B

18-month-old Gordon learned the schema for apples. When Gordon sees tomatoes at the grocery store, he says, "Look Mommy, apples!" His mother tells him that the food he sees at the store is a tomato, not an apple. He now has separate schemata for tomatoes and apples. This exemplifies _______. A. assimilation B. accommodation C. Reversibility D. Seriation

B

According to ______, lifespan development encompasses eight stages and at each stage we encounter a psychosocial crisis that must be resolved. A. Abraham Maslow B. Erik Erickson C. Lawrence Kohlberg D. Jean Piaget

B

Adolescents (ages 12-18) experiment with and develop a sense of who they are and what roles they want to play. Erik Erikson would argue that during this period adolescents face the________ task of development. A. trust vs mistrust B. identity vs confusion C. generativity vs stagnation D. isolation vs intimacy

B

Between birth and one year, infants are dependent on their caregivers, therefore, caregivers who are responsive and sensitive to their infant's needs help their baby to develop a sense of the world as a safe predictable place. In Erickson's developmental theory, what is the primary developmental task of this stage? A. identity vs confusion B. trust vs mistrust C. Industry and inferiority D. autonomy vs shame/doubt

B

Britta knows that it is wrong to break into a store that is closed, but there is a medical emergency, and she has no cell phone with her. Her date has collapsed on the street and is having a seizure. Britta breaks the window of a local store, unlocks the door, and lets herself in to call the police. She stays behind to explain her behavior to the store owner, who shows up shortly after he is called. Britta is operating at the ________ level of Kohlberg's theory of morality. A. Conventional B. Post-conventional C. pre-conventional D. concrete operational

B

Carissa's parents let her stay up as late as she wants. She is allowed to pick out her own clothes and decide when and what she wants to eat. Her parents act more like her friends than authority figures. What kind of parenting style is this? A. Freudian B. Permissive C. authoritarian D. authoritative

B

Grasping a toy, writing with a pencil, and using a spoon are all examples of _______ motor skills. A. manipulative B. fine C. native D. gross

B

When development proceeds in a stepwise fashion with periods of growth interrupted by periods where growth is not occurring, we would say that development is taking a(n) _____ trajectory. A. continuous B. discontinuous C. bidirectional D. unidirectional

B

Which of the following illustrates conservation? A. Joseph saves his energy by brushing his teeth in the shower but doesn't realize that he is wasting water that way. B. Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three pieces. C. Deirdre believes that five pennies have more value than two nickels but he doesn't know the value of either coin by itself D. Rebekah recycles her glass bottles but not her cell phone batteries because she doesn't think they can be recycled.

B

Which of the following is not a developmental issue children face during the preoperational stage? A. egocentrism B. object permanence C. pretend play D. language development

B

Which of the following is not one of the reasons for the new lifespan development category called emerging adulthood? A. changing cultural expectations B. younger average age for marriage C. taking longer to complete a college degree D. changes in the workforce

B

________ development involves learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity. A. Psychosocial B. Cognitive C. Emotional D. Artistic

B

________ is the understanding that the physical properties of objects, such as the number of items in a cluster or the amount of liquid in a glass, can remain the same even when their form or appearance changes. A. assimilation B. conservation C. Concrete operations D. Object permanence

B

_____development involves growth and changes in the body and brain, the senses, motor skills, and health and wellness. A. Psychosocial B. Physical C. Learning D. Cognitive

B

Which theorist is credited with proposing the psychosexual stages of development? A. Erik Erikson B. Jean Piaget C. Sigmund Freud D. Lawrence Kohlberg

C

What is the correct order of Piaget's stages of cognitive development? A. sensorimotor, preoperational, formal operational, concrete operational B. Preoperational, sensorimotor, concrete operational, formal operational C. Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational D. Sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, formal operational

C.