Chapter 23, 24

An individual who has an XXY combination of sex chromosomes is said to have _____ syndrome. A. Klinefelter B. Turner C. fragile X D. cri du chat

A

Hemophilia (h) is a sex-linked recessive trait. If a hemophiliac male marries a carrier female, A. 50% of their daughters will be hemophiliac. B. 75% of their daughters will be hemophiliac. C. 25% of their daughters will be hemophiliac. D. 25% of their sons will be hemophiliac.

A

If a person inherits two X chromosomes, this individual will be A. female. B. male. C. colorblind. D. a poly-X female.

A

If a woman is a carrier for the color-blind recessive allele and her husband is normal, what are their chances that a son will be color blind? A. None since the father is normal. B. 50%, since the mother is only a carrier. C. 100% because the mother has the gene. D. 25% because the mother is a hybrid.

A

Karyotyping can be used to diagnose which of the following genetic disorders? A. Down syndrome B. phenylketonuria C. cystic fibrosis D. hemophilia

A

Which refers to the addition of a repeat segment of a chromosome? A. inversion B. translocation C. deletion D. duplication

A

Which statement is true regarding the Barr body? A. It is found in the nuclei of females. B. It is found in the nuclei of males. C. It is found in the cytoplasm of males. D. It is found in the cytoplasm of females.

A

Tay-Sachs is a recessive genetic disease in humans. If one parent is homozygous normal and the other is a carrier (heterozygous), what are the chances that their child will have this disease? A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 75%

A. 0%

Mendel's law of segregation implies that the two members of an allele pair A. are distributed to separate gametes. B. are distributed to the same gamete. C. are assorted dependently. D. are segregated pairwise.

A. Are distributed to separate gamete

Which of the following represents the physical characteristics of the individual? A. phenotype B. genotype C. alleles D. homozygous

A. Phenotype

In peas, yellow is dominant over green in seeds. With which of these is it best to cross a yellow-seeded pea plant to determine whether it is homozygous or heterozygous? A. a green-seeded plant B. a heterozygous yellow-seeded plant C. a pure yellow-seeded plant D. a heterozygous yellow-seeded plant or a pure yellow-seeded plant

A. a green-seeded plant

Alternative forms of a gene that influence the same trait and are found at the same location in homologous chromosomes are called A. alleles. B. phenotypes. C. genotypes. D. codominant.

A. alleles

In which kind of cross would you expect to find a phenotypic ratio of 3:1 among the F2 offspring? A. monohybrid cross B. dihybrid cross C. homozygous recessive x homozygous dominant D. homozygous dominant x heterozygous

A. monohybrid cross

Traits that are controlled by several sets or pairs of alleles, such as skin color and height in humans, are the result of what form of inheritance? A. polygenic B. incomplete dominance C. multiple allele systems D. codominance

A. polygenic

The reason that missing chromosomes and extra sex chromosomes do NOT cause more harm than they do is best explained by the A. inactivation of any X beyond the first as a Barr body. B. presence of genes on the X chromosomes that determine femaleness. C. loss of a sex chromosome in normal cells as embryo development occurs. D. a higher level of gene-repair enzyme activity on sex chromosomes.

A.inactivation of any X beyond the first as a Barr body.

Genes on the ___ chromosome determine if the sex of a child will be male or female. A. X B. Y C. 5th D. 19th

B

Which refers to the movement of a piece of one chromosome to another nonhomologous chromosome? A. inversion B. translocation C. deletion D. duplication

B

In humans, assume red hair is recessive to dark hair. What are the chances of a dark-haired couple having a red-haired child if each had a red-haired parent? A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 75%

B. 25%

What are the chances that two individuals with wavy hair (an incomplete trait) will have a curly-haired child? Curly hair and straight hair exhibit incomplete dominance. A. none B. 25% C. 50% D. 75%

B. 25%

Color-blindness is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait. A male who is color-blind marries a heterozygous woman. What percent of their total children will be color-blind? A. 25% B. 50% C. 75% D. 100%

B. 50%

In humans, brown eyes (B) is a simple dominant trait over blue eyes (b). A brown-eyed woman whose child is blue-eyed would have the genotype A. bb. B. Bb. C. BB

B. Bb

Cold weather can change the ______ of a Himalayan rabbit. A. genotype B. phenotype C. alleles D. sex

B. Phenotype

A person with an XO genotype is classified as having A. cri du chat syndrome. B. Turner syndrome. C. Klinefelter syndrome. D. a poly-X state.

B. Turner syndrome

A cross that involves two traits is called a ______ cross. A. monohybrid B. dihybrid C. test D. homozygous

B. dihybrid

In which kind of cross would you expect to find a ratio of 9:3:3:1 among the F2 offspring? A. monohybrid cross B. dihybrid cross C. test cross

B. dihybrid cross

If an albino (recessive) woman is married to a man with normal coloring and they have an albino child, what was the genotype of the man? A. homozygous dominant B. heterozygous C. homozygous recessive

B. heterozygous

If pairs of factors separate independently of other pairs of factors, you are dealing with the A. law of segregation. B. law of independent assortment. C. law of dominance. D. multiple alleles.

B. law of independent assortment

When homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis, this is termed A. linked genes. B. nondisjunction. C. crossover. D. monosomy.

B. nondisjunction

Which of the following would not be the same in a male and female? A. the total number of autosomes B. the types of sex chromosomes C. the inheritance of one X chromosome from their mother D. the need for 2 sex chromosomes

B. the types of sex chromosomes

A person who has an extra copy of a chromosome is said to have A. monosomy. B. trisomy. C. nondisjunction. D. duplication.

B. trisomy

A mother is a carrier for blue eyes (autosomal recessive) and for hemophilia (X- linked recessive). Which of these is a correct statement? A. All sons will have blue eyes and be hemophiliacs. B. It depends on the father's genotype whether the sons will have blue eyes and/or be hemophiliacs. C. The father's genotype can determine whether a son will have blue eyes but cannot determine whether a son will be a hemophiliac. D. Regardless of the father, no sons will have blue eyes or be hemophiliacs.

C

In humans, widow's peak (W) is dominant over straight hairline (w). If a heterozygous male marries a female with a straight hairline, what percent of their children can be expected to have widow's peak? A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 100%

C. 50%

Hydrangeas are a flowering plant with large showy blooms. When a plant is grown in aluminum rich soil it has blue flowers; if the same plant is transplanted into soil that is lacking aluminum the flowers produced will be pink. This is an example of A. Codominance B. Incomplete dominance C. Environmental effects D. Polygenetic inheritance

C. Environmental effects

The _____ indicates the gene combination of an individual. A. phenotype B. loci C. genotype D. homozygous

C. Genotype

A man with widow's peak (dominant) who can curl his tongue (dominant) has a child who has a continuous hairline and cannot curl the tongue. What is the genotype of the father? A. WWTT B. wwtt C. WwTt D. Wwtt

C. WwTt

A female with two Barr bodies in her cells would have what combination of sex chromosomes? A. XXY B. XXXY C. XXX D. XX

C. XXX

If the genotype of an organism is YySsTt, then yST would represent A. the genotype of the offspring. B. a possible phenotype of the offspring. C. a gamete of the parent. D. a possible zygote.

C. a gamete of the parent

If an organism shows a recessive phenotype, such as short pea plants, its genotype can be A. either TT or Tt. B. either Tt or tt. C. only tt. D. TT, Tt, or tt.

C. only tt

If a chromosomal segment is turned around 180, the chromosomal mutation is termed a(n) A. translocation. B. duplication. C. deletion. D. inversion.

D

Which refers to the loss of a portion of a chromosome? A. inversion B. translocation C. deletion D. duplication

D

If the probability of event A is 3/4 and the probability of event B is 1/4, then the probability of both A and B occurring at the same time is A. 3/4. B. 1/4. C. 1/2. D. 3/16

D. 3/16

Mr. X has been accused by Miss Z of fathering her child. The child's blood type is AB and Miss Z's blood type is A. Mr. X could NOT be the father if his blood type is A. only A. B. AB. C. only O. D. either A or O.

D. either A or O

A blue-eyed, left-handed woman marries a brown-eyed, right-handed man who is heterozygous for both of his traits. If blue eyes and left-handedness are recessive, how many different phenotypes are possible in their children? A. one B. two C. three D. four

D. four

Which refers to the loss of a complete chromosome? A. inversion B. translocation C. deletion D. monosomy

D. monosomy

The most common autosomal abnormality present in people is A. XXX. B. XXY. C. XO. D. a deletion in chromosome E. an extra chromosome 21

E. an extra chromosome 21