chapter 23 test review

The Marshall Plan: A. provided economic assistance to the Soviets. B. was a United States-Soviet Union program to rebuild Europe. C. offered economic assistance to non-communist governments. D. was limited in scope

C. offered economic assistance to non-communist governments.

During the Cold War, Americans:

Formed anticommunist groups who pressured public libraries to remove "un-American" books from their shelves

Why was it inevitable that the United States and the Soviet Union would eventually come into conflict after the war ended?

Historically, both nations had never shared long-term interests or values.

why was 1945 a critical year in the us foreign policy?

It's when president Roosevelt died and V.P(Vice President)Truman took over as president. President Truman did not have any foreign policy experience (he never dealt with leaders of other countries.

This man became the leader of the Chinese Communist Party and remained its leader until his death. He declared the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and supported the Chinese peasantry throughout his life.

Mao Zedong

Why did southern democrats fear losing their position in the Democratic Party following its national convention of 1948?

Party liberals under the leadership of Hubert Humphrey had added a strong civil rights plank to the party platform

Why were American diplomats particularly dismayed that the Soviets had installed a procommunist government in Poland in 1945?

Stalin had promised Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt at Yalta that he would allow a democratic government in Poland.

Why was it unlikely the Soviet Union was going to embark on a new military campaign in the years following World War II.

The communist nation had suffered more than 20 million casualties along with immense devastation

How had the political climate changed in the South during World War II in the early Cold War years?

The number of African-Americans in the region that were registered to vote increased sevenfold

Why did France and other Europeans understand NATO as a form of double containment?

The pact would guard them against Soviet aggression as well as against the resurgence of a powerful Germany.

Why did the US allow west Germany to become part of a defensive alliance less than ten years after the defeat of nazi Germany.

The successful Soviet detonation of a nuclear bomb underlined the importance of a military United west

Why did American policy makers agree to spend billions of dollars on the economic recovery of Europe under the Marshall plan?

They were afraid that if they did not help with the recovery, Western European nations might fall into the soviet sphere of influence

How did the United States respond to Joseph Stalin's blockade around Berlin?

Truman ordered that supplies be brought to Berlin via an airlift.

Why did the United States not support movements for colonial independence around the world during the Cold War?

US backed away from pressuring European allies to grant self-government to colonies like French Indochina, Dutch East Indies, and other British possessions

In 1946, who proclaimed that an iron curtain separated communist Eastern Europe from capitalist Western Europe?

Winston Churchill

After World War II, the only nation that could rival the United States was

a. the Soviet Union.

Which civil rights measure was enacted during Truman's administration? a) Federal law against lynching. b) Desegregation of the armed forces. c) Establishment of a permanent federal civil rights commission. d) Federal law against poll taxes. e) Protection for equal access to jobs and education.

b) Desegregation of the armed forces.

The Truman Doctrine

committed the United States to fighting communism and contain it anywhere In the world

What reason did the Hollywood Ten give for not cooperating with the HUAC hearings? a) They were all communists and did want to indict themselves. b) Ronald Reagan had threatened that they would lose their jobs if they cooperated. c) They were all busy making movies and did not have time to attend the hearings. d) They felt the hearings were a violation of the First Amendment. e) As Republicans, they were insulted that their loyalty was being questioned.

d) They felt the hearings were a violation of the First Amendment.

The principle of human rights—the idea of basic rights belonging to all persons because they are human—was introduced into international relations: a) after the Holocaust. b) after the dropping of the atomic bomb. c) when NATO was established. d) in the revolutionary period of the late eighteenth century. e) when the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted.

d) in the revolutionary period of the late eighteenth century.

President Truman's civil rights plan called for all of the following EXCEPT: a) a permanent federal civil rights commission. b) national laws against lynching and the poll tax. c) equal access to jobs. d) reparations. e) equal access to education.

d) reparations.

totalitarianism

describes Fascism, Nazism, and communism

All of the following statements about the Cold War's impact on American life are true EXCEPT: a) the Cold War reshaped immigration policy. b) the Cold War promoted the rapid expansion of higher education. c) Cold War policy supported scientific research in medicine and computers. d) the Cold War contributed to the dismantling of segregation. e) Cold War military spending weakened the economy.

e) Cold War military spending weakened the economy

The policy of "containment" was to

prevent the spread of communism worldwide

The Berlin Blockade was the

reaction by the Soviet Union to the establishment of a separate currency in western Berlin's occupied zones

In the aftermath of World War II:

the majority of returning G.I.s went back to work. and Americans paid more for consumer goods.