Chapter 24 Adrenergic Drugs
sympathomimics
drugs that produce activity similar to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine as known as which of the following?
vasopressors
drugs that raise the blood pressure
norepinephrine
neurotransmitter that transmits impulses across the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system
catecholamine
neurotransmitters that are released during the bodys stress response and include norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine
cardiac arrythimias, headache, nausea & vomitting, increased blood pressure
what are some adverse reactions associated with adrenergic drugs?
shock, hypotension, controlling of bleeding, cardiac arrest, allergic reactions, temporary treatment of heart block, arrhythmias, respiratory distress, nasal congestion
what are some of the uses for adrenergic drugs?
head, nervousness, nausea
what common adverse reactions would the nurse expect with the administered adrenergic drugs?
vascontriction of peripheral blood vessels
what effect does the alpha 1 receptors have?
increased heart rate, increased force of myocardial contraction
what effect does the beta 1 receptor produce?
regulates release of neurotransmitter; decreases tone, mobility, and secretions of GI tract
what effects does the alpha2 receptor produce?
vasodilation of peripheral vessels, bronchodilation
what effects does the beta 2 receptor produce?
narrow angle glaucoma
what is a contraindication for patients who are taking epinephrine?
vasopressors
what is the name of the drugs that raise the blood pressure because of their ability to constrict blood
norepinephrine
what is the primary transmitting substance in the sympathetic branch of the nervous system?
divert blood flow to the vital organs so that the body can deal with stressful situations
what is the purpose for stimulating the sympathetic nerves (adrenergic)?
peripheral blood vessels
what is the site of alpha 1 receptors?
presynaptic neuron
what is the site of the alpha 2 receptors?
myocardium (heart)
what is the site of the beta 1 receptor?
peripheral blood vessels and bronchial smooth muscles
what is the site of the beta 2 receptors?
sympathetic nerves
what nerves are stimulated when the body is confronted with stressful situations, such as danger, intense emotion, or severe illness?
alpha or beta
what receptors does the adrenergic nerves have?
increased use of glucose and liberation of fatty acids from adipose tissue
what response does adrenergic drugs produce on metabolism?
relaxation of the smooth muscles of the bronchi, constriction of blood vessels, sphincters of the stomach, dilation of the coronary blood vessels, decrease gastric mobility
what response does adrenergic drugs produce on the autonomic nervous system?
increase in the heart rate
what response does adrenergic drugs produce on the heart?
wakefulness, quick reaction to stimuli, quickened reflexes
what responses does adrenergic drugs produce on the central nervous system?
vasopressin drugs
when a patient is experiencing shock what must be given to maintain circulation?
alpha 2 receptors
which of the following adrenergic receptors is responsible for decreased tone, motility, and secretions of the GI tract
beta 1 receptors
which of the following adrenergic receptors is responsible for increased heart rate and increased force of myocardinal contraction?
norepinephrine
which of the following is a primary neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
which of the following is stimulated during the bodys fight, flight, or freeze response to a stressful condition
alpha 1 receptors
which of the following receptors is responsible for vasocontriction of the peripheral blood vessels?
changes in pulse rate
A 65 year old patient has been prescribed isoproterenol. Which of the following should the nurse report immediately to the primary health care provider?
Cardiac arrythmias
A nurse id required to administer metaraminol for a patient who is taking digoxin. The patient is at an increased risk for which of the following adverse reactions?
consistent fall in blood pressure
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been administered metaraminol. What changes should be reported immediately to the healthcare provider?
supine hypertension
A patient has been prescribed midodrine, which of the following is an adverse reaction midodrine that the nurse should monitor for?
ventricular fibrillation
Dopamine is contraindicated in patients with what?
selective or non-selective
Drugs that act on receptors are called?
patients with tachycardia
For which of the following patients is isoproterenol contraindicated?
Epinephrine should be given first
If a patient is having an allergic reaction before providing medical care what should you do?
selective
If adrenergic drugs act on alpha and beta receptors only they are what?
adrenergic drug with a vasodilating drug
In cardiogenic shock or shock associated with low cardiac output what drugs might be given?
severe hypertension
Midodrine is contraindicated in patients who are diagnosed with what?
sympathetic nervous system
The adrenergic branch of the autonomic nervous system is also known by which of the following names?
which postsynaptic nerve receptor sites are activated
The degree in which any organ is affected by the sympathetic nervous system depends on what?
peripheral nervous system
all the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord
Blood pressure
after administering dopamine what should you contentiously measure?
sympathomimetic
drugs that mimic the actions of the sympathetic nervous system
continously
at what intervals would the nurse monitor the blood pressure of a client administered norepinephrine?
neurotransmitter
chemical substances released at the nerve ending that facilitate the transmission of nerve impulses
extravasation
escape of fluid from blood vessel into surrounding tissue
non-selective drug
if a drug such as ephinephrine acts on both alpha and beta receptors is it considered a non-selective drug or a selective drug?
selective drug
if a drug such as isoproterenol acts chiefly on beta receptors; is it considered a non-selective or selective drug?
non-selective
if adrenergic drugs act on both alpha and beta receptors what are they?
shock
inadequate blood flow to the bodily tissues
supine hypotension
midodrine causes what in patients who are lying down on their back?
adrenergic drugs
mimic transmission of the sympathetic nervous system
isoproternerol
patients who are diagnosed with tachyarrhythmias shouldn't take what drug?
parasympathetic
pertaining to the part of the autonomic nervous system concerned with conserving body energy, slowing heart rate, digesting food, eliminating waste
Adrenergic
pertaining to the sympathetic branch of the nervous system, which controls heart rate, breathing rate, and ability to divert blood to the skeletal muscles
sympathetic
pertaining to the sympathetic nervous system
inadequate tissue perfusion
shock is described as?
adrenergic blocker drugs
stops the transmission of the sympathetic nerve
Adrenergic system
sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system
autonomic nervous system (ANS)
the division of the peripheral nervous system concerned with functions essential to the life of the organism and not consciously controlled, e.g B/P, heart rate, gastrointestinal activity
stroke volume
the volume of blood ejected (leaving)from a ventricle at each heart beat
