Chapter 24-DSM, HW, Ch Test
Which of the following statements is not true regarding cortical nephrons?
Cortical nephrons account for approximately 15 percent of all nephrons.
Which renal structure begins in the renal cortex and carries tubular fluid through the osmotic gradient in the renal medulla?
collecting duct
Variable secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions is a specific function of which renal structure?
collecting system
Contraction of which structure compresses the urinary bladder and expels its contents into the urethra?
detrusor muscle
The nephron loops of juxtamedullary nephrons have an important function that other parts of the nephron do not share. What is this function?
establishing the concentration gradient in the renal medulla
Which structure is composed of a layer of collagen fibers that covers the entire outer surface of the kidney?
fibrous capsule
When the pH of body fluids decreases, which of the following are secreted in exchange for sodium ions reabsorbed in the distal convoluted tubule?
hydrogen ions
Part complete The ______ control(s) capillary diameter and the rate of capillary blood flow.
mesangial cells
The ______ collects the urine produced by a single kidney lobe.
minor calyx
In a nephron, the long tubular passageway through which the filtrate passes includes the _______________.
proximal and distal convoluted tubules and the nephron loop
In which portion of the nephron and collecting system does the most reabsorption occur?
proximal convoluted tubule
Which structure filters the blood?
renal corpuscle
Formation of angiotensin I is triggered by ______.
renin
Blood enters each kidney through the renal arteries. What is the order in which blood travels from the renal artery to the glomeruli?
segmental artery-> interlobar artery -> arcuate arteries -> cortical radiate
Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?
Adaptive immunity
In which of the basic processes involved in urine formation does blood pressure force water and soutes across the wall of the glomerular capillaries?
Filtration
What are the blood vessels found in the renal corpuscle that produce filtrated?
Glomerular capillaries
Which of the following is NOT a waste product normally found in urine?
Glucose is the answer but you should fine urea, creatinine and ammonia
Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?
Introduction of plasma proteins into blood plasma
Which organ in the urinary system produces urine?
Kidney
Which of the following parts fo the nephron has two limbs with thick segments and thin segments?
Nephron Loop
Blood supply to the proximal and distal convoluted tubules of the nephron is provided by the ________________.
Peritubular Capillaries
What is the process that can return useful solutes like electrolytes and glucose to the blood?
Reabsorption
Which of the following brings oxygenated blood into the kidney?
Renal Artery
The kidneys are protected by all of the following except the _________________.
Renal Pelvis
What is the expanded, funnel-shaped structure in the kidney leading to the ureter?
Renal Pelvis
Which of the following is a dense, fibrous layer that anchors the kidney to surrounding structures?
Renal fascia
In what part of the kidney are the renal pyramids located?
Renal medulla
Which process in the formation of urine removes chemicals from the blood and puts them into the urine and is not driven by blood pressure?
Secretion
Which nervous system structure(s) inhibits micturition by relaxing the detrusor and contracting the internal urethral sphincter?
Stretch receptor impulses activate sympathetic outflow.
Which event correctly occurs under maximum ADH stimulation?
The DCT and collecting system become more permeable to water.
What is the most abundant nitrogenous waste that the kidneys remove from the blood?
Urea
Which of the following organic wastes is generated by the catabolism of amino acids?
Urea
Contraction of the muscular bladder forces urine out of the body through the ________________.
Urethra
Which organ in the urinary system temporarily stores urine?
Urinary bladder
What is the function of the vasa recta?
to collect and transport water and solutes within the renal medulla in association with the juxtamedullary nephron
