Chapter 2.4
A bar chart and a Pareto chart both use bars to show frequencies of categories of categorical data. What characteristic distinguishes a Pareto chart from a bar chart, and how does that characteristic help us in understanding the data?
In a Pareto chart, the bars are always arranged in descending order according to frequencies. The Pareto chart helps us understand data by drawing attention to the more important categories, which have the highest frequencies.
Why is it important to learn about bad graphs?
So that we can critically analyze a graph to determine whether it is misleading
Which of the following is NOT true about statistical graphs?
They utilize areas or volumes for data that are one-dimensional in nature.
Which of the following is a common distortion that occurs in graphs?
Using a two-dimensional object to represent data that are one-dimensional in nature
In a graph, if one or both axes begin at some value other than zero, the differences are exaggerated. This bad graphing method is known as _______.
a nonzero axis.
A _______ is a graph of each data value plotted as a point.
dotplot
A(n) _______ uses line segments to connect points located directly above class midpoint values.
frequency polygon
We utilize statistical _______ to look for features that reveal some useful or interesting characteristics of the data set.
graphs
When drawings of objects are used to depict data, false impressions can be made. These drawings are called _______.
pictographs.
A _______ is a plot of paired data (x,y) and is helpful in determining whether there is a relationship between the two variables.
scatterplot