Chapter 24 Quiz

Which of the following was not one of Roosevelt's immediate responses to the banking crisis? a. He nationalized the banks. b. He assured Americans over the radio that they could again entrust their money to banks. c. He declared a "bank holiday," which closed banks for four days. d. He set up procedures for managing failed banks. e. He proposed the Emergency Banking Act.

a/He nationalized the banks

Which of the following did the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 not do? a. It outlawed closed shops. b. It outlawed blacklisting labor "agitators." c. It set up a board to supervise shop elections. d. It guaranteed collective bargaining. e. It outlawed spying on unions.

a/It outlawed closed shops

What feature of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 established the basic framework of federal agricultural policy for decades to come? a. The government provided subsidies to producers of major farm commodities in return for cutting production. b. In years of big harvests and low prices, the government would make loans to farmers and store their surplus crops in government warehouses. c. Farm workers were now covered by collective bargaining and minimum wage laws. d. The government encouraged the survival of the family farm by withholding aid to agribusiness.

a/The government provided subsidies to producers of major farm commodities in return for cutting production

Which of the following was not a popular pastime during the depression? a. Watching television b. Going to the movies c. Reading novels d. Listening to "swing" music e. Listening to the radio

a/Watching television

Which of the following was not an approach that Franklin Roosevelt used during the early years of his administration to fight the depression? a. nationalization of the railroads and steel industry. b. public works projects to provide jobs and stimulate the economy. c. short-term emergency relief for the jobless, provided directly by the federal government if necessary. d. subsidized crop reduction. e. business-government cooperation and pump-priming federal spending.

a/nationalization of the railroads and steel industry.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about unemployment during the New Deal? a. The jobless rate crept steadily upward from 1932 until 1945. b. As late as 1939 more than 17 percent of the labor force remained jobless. c. It never fell below 75 percent. d. New Deal social and economic programs virtually eliminated unemployment for the first time in American history. e. It never exceeded 7.5% even though politicians exaggerated the crisis for their own benefit

b/As late as 1939 more than 17 percent of the labor force remained jobless

What environmental disaster struck the nation during the Depression? a. Locust Infestation b. Dust Bowl c. Global warming d. Potato famine e. Lower than normal temperatures on the Great Plains

b/Dust Bowl

What did John Steinbeck describe in The Grapes of Wrath? a. He described the horrors of working in the California vineyards. b. He described the challenges of industrial labor in the 1930s. c. He described the desperate struggles of an uprooted dust-bowl family. d. He described the collapse of a capitalist society. e. He described the rise of the middle class despite the opposition of large corporations

b/He described the desperate struggles of an uprooted dust-bowl family

What did the 1935 Social Security Act do? a. It provided workers a job if they were unemployed. b. It offered financial assistance for the elderly and the disabled. c. It established housing where the unemployed could stay for free and receive free meals. d. It guaranteed men the right to work e. It protected women's rights in the work place.

b/It offered financial assistance for the elderly and the disabled

Which of the following agencies was created during the Hoover administration to help failing financial institutions and continued to be active through the New Deal years? a. National Recovery Administration b. Reconstruction Finance Corporation c. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation d. Federal Emergency Relief Administration e. Tennessee Valley Authority

b/Reconstruction Finance Corporation

What did Eleanor Roosevelt see as her primary role as First Lady? a She wanted to support her husband and be a light presence at social functions. b. She wanted to serve as an observer for her husband and promote social reform. c. She wanted to personally draft legislation and forge foreign policy. d. She wanted to be a gracious hostess for the many dignitaries who visited the White House. e. She wanted to promote an appreciation of the arts.

b/She wanted to serve as an observer for her husband and promote social reform

Which piece of New Deal legislation established the principle of federal responsibility for social welfare and created the basic framework for the welfare system? a. Revenue Act of 1935 b. Social Security Act c. Federal Securities Act d. Wagner Act

b/Social Security Act

Who were the 1932 "bonus marchers"? a. Trade unionists who marched on Washington when industrialists refused to pay the bonuses stipulated in union contracts. b. World War I veterans who marched on Washington to lobby for immediate cash payments of their veterans' bonuses. c. Farmers who threatened to dump milk and other agricultural products if they did not receive a government bonus for not producing farm surpluses. d. Federal government workers who objected to losing their e. Christmas bonus because of the depression.

b/World War I veterans who marched on Washington to lobby for immediate cash payments of their veterans' bonuses

Which New Deal initiative paid farmers subsidies to take acreage out of production? a. Tennessee Valley Authority Act b. McNary-Haugen bill c. Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 d. Farm Holiday movement e. Farm Credit Act

c/Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933

Which New Deal legislation banned child labor, established a minimum wage, and set maximum hours for the work week? a. National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) b. Hatch Act c. Fair Labor Standards Act d. Social Security Act e. National Industrial Recovery Act

c/Fair Labor Standards Act

Huey Long proposed a. cutting taxes and federal spending to stimulate the economy. b. a 100% tax on all incomes over $1 million and appropriation of all fortunes over $5 million. c. a national sales tax that would raise revenue to pay down the deficit. d. nationalizing banks and industry. e. stimulating the economy by having the government an interstate highway system.

c/a 100% tax on all incomes over $1 million and appropriation of all fortunes over $5 million

The Scottsboro Boys were a. the leaders in the U.S. Steel strike. b. young CCC veterans who led the campaign for Roosevelt's reelection in 1936. c. a major swing band of the 1930s. d. African-American teenagers sentenced to death by an all-white jury on highly suspect rape charges. e. undocumented immigrants who the United States deported.

d/African-American teenagers sentenced to death by an all-white jury on highly suspect rape charges

What happened to Roosevelt's "court-packing" plan? a. It was the issue that enabled the Republicans to retake control of the Senate in the 1938 election. b. It turned out to be one of Roosevelt's greatest triumphs. c. The American people rejected it in a referendum. d. He had to drop it but was nevertheless able to replace four members of the Supreme Court who died or retired. e. Congress, including New Deal supporters and many conservatives, approved of it because they felt it was time for a change.

d/He had to drop it but was nevertheless able to replace four members of the Supreme Court who died or retired

Which of the following steps did Herbert Hoover not take to revive the economy after the stock-market crash? a. He set up the Emergency Committee for Employment to coordinate the efforts of voluntary relief agencies. b. He advised municipal and state governments to create jobs through public-works projects. c. He persuaded Congress to establish the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to make loans to banks and other lending institutions. d. He persuaded Congress to pass the National Industrial Recovery Act, which embodied ideas of industrial self-regulation and business-government cooperation. e. He urged business leaders to maintain wages and employment.

d/He persuaded Congress to pass the National Industrial Recovery Act, which embodied ideas of industrial self-regulation and business-government cooperation

Which of the following was not true of the National Industrial Recovery Act? a. It was declared unconstitutional. b. Under it, major industries drafted codes of "fair competition," setting production limits, prescribing wages and working conditions, and forbidding price cutting. c. It embodied ideas of industrial self-regulation and business-government cooperation and drew on the idea of trade associations which had been promoted by Herbert Hoover. d. It limited workers' collective bargaining rights. e. It appropriated $3.3 billion for heavy-duty government public-works programs to provide jobs and stimulate the economy.

d/It limited workers' collective bargaining rights

The Civilian Conservation Corps a. was a conservative political youth club. b. put five million young men and women to work in camps across the country. c. brought together business leaders to draft codes of fair competition. d. employed jobless young men in rural projects such as reforestation, park maintenance, and erosion control. e. was the precursor to the National Guard.

d/employed jobless young men in rural projects such as reforestation, park maintenance, and erosion control

How did the National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) influence the labor movement? a. It guaranteed collective-bargaining rights. b. It outlawed the practice of blacklisting union leaders. c. It created the National Labor Relations Board. d. It permitted closed shops. e. All of these choices

e/All of these choices

Which of the following examples of New Deal legislation is correctly paired with what its purpose? a. Public Utilities Holding Company Act: Guaranteed unions' collective-bargaining rights and outlawed anti-union practices. b. National Housing Act: Halted sale of tribal lands and enabled tribes to regain unallocated lands. c. National Youth Administration: Launched a federal-state program of workers' pensions, unemployment insurance, and other welfare benefits. d. Federal Securities Exchange Act: Raised taxes on corporations and the wealthy. e. Fair Labor Standards Act: Banned child labor and set a national minimum wage.

e/Fair Labor Standards Act: Banned child labor and set a national minimum wage

Which statement best describes Franklin Roosevelt's position concerning the Depression in the 1932 presidential campaign? a. He clearly outlined specific programs that would end the depression. b. He called for the United States to abandon the gold standard. c. He promoted a policy of massive spending by the federal government. d. He claimed the depression was just an economic cycle and would eventually correct itself. e. He promised to end the depression but offered only vague plans describing how he was going to do it.

e/He promised to end the depression but offered only vague plans describing how he was going to do it

What does the "monetarist" theory argue was the cause of the stock-market crash? a. Trade unions' high wage demands b. Herbert Hoover's insensitivity. c. The depressed agricultural sector's dragging impact. d. The capitalist system's inherent greed for money e. The Federal Reserve System's tight monetary policies.

e/The Federal Reserve System's tight monetary policies