Chapter 25: Female Reproductive System

13. The greater vestibular glands are also called: a. Bartholin glands. b. Cowper glands. c. Skene glands. d. Huntington glands.

a. Bartholin glands. ANS: A

35. Which of the following structures is not in the urogenital triangle of the perineum? a. Cervix b. Labia c. Vaginal orifice d. Urinary opening

a. Cervix ANS: A

9. Which of the following is not true concerning the uterus? a. It produces estrogen. b. It sloughs compact and spongy layers of lining tissue. c. It is the site of embryo implantation. d. Uterine muscle contraction expels the infant.

a. It produces estrogen. ANS: A

1. Which of the following is not an accessory sex organ of the female reproductive system? a. Ovary b. Vagina c. Fallopian tube d. Mammary glands

a. Ovary ANS: A

28. Shortly before menstruation: a. blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease. b. blood levels of estrogen and progesterone increase. c. blood levels of FSH stabilize. d. the corpus luteum secretes progesterone.

a. blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease. ANS: A

4. The layer of the uterus from which tissue is sloughed during menstruation is the: a. endometrium. b. myometrium. c. parietal peritoneum.

a. endometrium. ANS: A

25. The hormone that causes the follicle to rupture and the egg to be expelled is: a. luteinizing hormone (LH). b. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). c. estrogen. d. progesterone.

a. luteinizing hormone (LH). ANS: A

5. The layer that is incomplete because it covers none of the cervix and only part of the body is called the: a. parietal peritoneum. b. myometrium. c. endometrium. d. symphysis pubis.

a. parietal peritoneum. ANS: A

37. Which of the following functions is not usually associated with the uterus? a. Menstruation b. Fertilization c. Gestation d. All of the above functions are associated with the uterus.

b. Fertilization ANS: B

6. Which of the following is not a division of the uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)? a. Isthmus b. Fundus c. Ampulla d. Infundibulum

b. Fundus ANS: B

20. Which of the following hormones causes ejection of milk into the mammary ducts, making it accessible for the infant? a. Progesterone b. Oxytocin c. Prolactin d. Estrogen

b. Oxytocin ANS: B

39. Which of the following statements is not true of the hormones that impact lactation? a. The anterior pituitary secretes prolactin. b. Prolactin stimulates cells in the alveoli to eject milk into the ducts. c. Oxytocin stimulates alveoli of the mammary glands to secrete milk. d. Neither B nor C is true.

b. Prolactin stimulates cells in the alveoli to eject milk into the ducts. ANS: B

14. The urethral orifice is ____ to the vagina orifice. a. posterior b. anterior c. medial d. lateral

b. anterior ANS: B

3. The fundus of the uterus is the: a. lower, narrow section. b. area above where the tubes enter. c. central portion. d. opening into the uterus.

b. area above where the tubes enter. ANS: B

19. The part of the vulva that is composed of erectile tissue is called the: a. mons pubis. b. clitoris. c. urinary meatus. d. labia majora.

b. clitoris. ANS: B

31. The greatest percentage of progesterone is produced by the: a. corpus albicans. b. corpus luteum. c. primary graafian follicle. d. uterus.

b. corpus luteum. ANS: B

11. Fertilization of an ovum most often occurs in the: a. ovary. b. fallopian tube. c. uterus. d. vagina.

b. fallopian tube. ANS: B

15. Salpingitis is inflammation of the: a. ovaries. b. fallopian tubes. c. uterus. d. vagina.

b. fallopian tubes. ANS: B

33. The zona pellucida: a. will eventually become the corpus luteum. b. is a clear, gel-like shell surrounding the oocyte. c. is produced by the graafian follicle. d. Both B and C.

b. is a clear, gel-like shell surrounding the oocyte. ANS: B

7. The process of egg formation is called: a. ovulation. b. oogenesis. c. fertilization. d. germination.

b. oogenesis. ANS: B

30. A high blood concentration of estrogens: a. stimulates endometrial glands to secrete. b. stimulates epithelial cells of the endometrium to proliferate. c. stimulates FSH secretion by the anterior pituitary. d. causes development of the corpus luteum.

b. stimulates epithelial cells of the endometrium to proliferate. ANS: B

2. Which of the following structures are considered the external reproductive organs of the female? a. Vulva b. Uterine tubes c. Vagina d. Both A and C.

d. Both A and C. ANS: D

26. Which of the following is not a synonym for the premenstrual phase? a. Postovulatory phase b. Luteal phase c. Secretory phase d. Estrogen phase

d. Estrogen phase ANS: D

22. During a 28-day menstrual cycle, ovulation would be most likely to occur on day ____ of the cycle. a. 3 b. 8 c. 14 d. 21

c. 14 ANS: C

29. The average age at which menopause occurs is: a. 40 years. b. 60 to 65 years. c. 45 to 50 years. d. 55 years.

c. 45 to 50 years. ANS: C

17. This structure appears in the final stage in the process of ovarian follicle development. a. Corpus hemorrhagicum b. Corpus luteum c. Corpus albicans d. Mature follicle

c. Corpus albicans ANS: C

41. Which hormone is not secreted by the corpus luteum? a. Relaxin b. Inhibin c. Estrogen d. All of the above hormones are secreted by the corpus luteum.

c. Estrogen ANS: C

42. Which hormone suppresses the release of FSH? a. Estrogen b. Relaxin c. Inhibin d. Both B and C.

c. Inhibin ANS: C

18. Which of the following is not true of the vagina? a. It can act as a receptacle for seminal fluid from the male. b. It serves as the lower part of the birth canal. c. It is a passageway for urine. d. It acts as an excretory duct for uterine secretions.

c. It is a passageway for urine. ANS: C

40. Which of the following is not a function of the ovary? a. It produces estrogen. b. It produces ova. c. It produces follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). d. All of the above are functions of the ovary.

c. It produces follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). ANS: C

27. What is the name of the so-called "ovulating hormone"? a. Estrogen b. Progesterone c. Luteinizing hormone d. Follicle-stimulating hormone

c. Luteinizing hormone ANS: C

38. Which of the following statements is not true about lactation? a. The breasts secrete colostrum before secreting milk. b. Estrogen permits progesterone to have its full effect on the breasts. c. Prolactin stimulates the ejection of milk into the ducts of the mammary glands. d. All of the above statements are true.

c. Prolactin stimulates the ejection of milk into the ducts of the mammary glands. ANS: C

36. Which of the following is not true of the ovaries? a. They are located on either side of the uterus. b. They are attached to the mesovarial ligament. c. They are attached to the infundibulum of the uterine tubes. d. All of the above statements are true.

c. They are attached to the infundibulum of the uterine tubes. ANS: C

10. The funnel-shaped, open-ended portion of the oviduct is called the: a. isthmus. b. ampulla. c. infundibulum. d. fimbriae.

c. infundibulum. ANS: C

16. The division of the uterine tube that has an outer margin that resembles a fringe is called the: a. isthmus. b. ampulla. c. infundibulum. d. oviduct.

c. infundibulum. ANS: C

24. The phase of the menstrual cycle that occurs between the expulsion of the ovum and the onset of menses is the: a. proliferative phase. b. follicular phase. c. luteal phase. d. estrogenic phase.

c. luteal phase. ANS: C

12. Each of the following structures is a part of the vulva except the: a. mons pubis. b. labia majora. c. perineum. d. clitoris.

c. perineum. ANS: C

23. The follicular phase of the menstrual cycle is the same as the: a. ovulatory phase. b. menstrual period. c. postmenstrual phase. d. postovulatory phase.

c. postmenstrual phase. ANS: C

21. The hormone that causes the alveoli of the mammary glands to secrete milk is: a. estrogen. b. oxytocin. c. prolactin. d. estrogen.

c. prolactin. ANS: C

34. Which of the following does not contribute to the increase in the thickness of the endometrium during the endometrial cycle? a. Growth of the endometrium b. Fluid retention in the endometrium c. Endometrial gland growth d. All of the above contribute.

d. All of the above contribute. ANS: D

32. The female reproductive system differs from the male reproductive system in that it: a. produces gametes. b. provides protection for the developing offspring. c. provides nutrition to the developing offspring. d. does both B and C.

d. does both B and C. ANS: D

8. The region between the vaginal orifice and the anus is called the: a. mons pubic. b. labia majora. c. labia minora. d. perineum.

d. perineum. ANS: D