Chapter 25. Patient Education and Nursing Process

Which topic is of highest priority when teaching a newly diagnosed patient with asthma how to manage the disease? How to use an inhaler during an asthma attack The need to avoid people who smoke to prevent asthma attacks Where to purchase a medical alert bracelet that says she has asthma The importance of maintaining a healthy diet and exercising regularly

How to use an inhaler during an asthma attack

The nurse is teaching dietary modifications to a group of people with heart disease. Which action by the nurse would maintain the attention and participation of the class? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Making eye contact Using gestures Being stationary Asking questions Using a monotone voice

Making eye contact Using gestures Asking questions

Which assessment determines the patient's motivation to learn?

Learning style preference

A nurse describes arterial blood pressure as "like water flowing through a hose." Which teaching technique does this exemplify?

Analogy

When the nurse teaches a patient how to administer an epinephrine injection in case of a severe allergic reaction, the nurse instructs the patient to hold the syringe like a dart. Which instructional method did the nurse use?

Analogy

The nurse is discussing treatment goals with a patient who has osteoarthritis when the patient reports sudden pain of the knee joint. The nurse would take which action?

Stop the discussion and focus on the patient's comfort.

Which approach by the nurse helps assess the patient's retention of information?

Teach-back

Which approach is used to determine the outcome of patient teaching?

Teach-back

Which method of teaching is suitable to the patient undergoing a colonoscopy?

Telling

Which teaching approach would the nurse use when providing teaching to a patient about to undergo an emergency cardiac catheterization?

Telling approach

Which screening tool can be used to test literacy? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. The Joint Commission's (TJC's) Speak Up Initiatives Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT 3) National Assessment of Adult Literacy Survey (NAALS) Cloze test Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM)

Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT 3) Cloze test Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM)

The patient awaiting discharge teaching is avoiding discussion of her cervical cancer diagnosis and postoperative orders. How would the nurse best teach this patient?

Provide only the information the patient needs to go home.

A patient who underwent leg surgery is advised to use crutches to walk after discharge. Which teaching method would be effective for the nurse to use?

demonstration

During which step of the teaching process does the nurse determine the outcomes of teaching and measure a patient's level of achievement of learning objectives?

evaluation

The nurse is teaching a parenting class to a group of pregnant adolescents. The nurse pretends to be the baby's father, and the adolescent mother is asked to show how she would respond to the father if he gave her a can of beer. Which teaching approach did the nurse use?

role play

A patient diagnosed with diabetes selects a meal low in cholesterol and fat after participating in a teaching session provided by the nurse. Whihthi h bldth titt kthidii? Which teaching approach enabled the patient to make this decision?

simulation

A patient who was on chemotherapy is taking a new medication, which is available in a prefilled syringe and is given subcutaneously. Which statement by the patient helps the nurse individualize the teaching plan?

"I used to administer subcutaneous injections to my father."

A patient diagnosed with colorectal cancer underwent surgery for removal of the cancerous tissue. The nurse teaches the patient about medications, exercises, and self-care techniques. The patient interrupts the nurse, saying that the teaching seems overwhelming and he needs rest. How would the nurse respond?

"You should rest now. We can discuss this more in the evening."

Which teaching tool is suitable for patients who have strong reading comprehension and psychomotor skills?

Computer instruction

The nurse is trying to convince a patient to go to physical therapy after a below-the-knee amputation. The patient finally agrees when the nurse tells him he will be allowed to go to the gardens after each session. Which kind of reinforcer did the nurse use to convince the patient?

Activity

Which action would the nurse take when teaching an older adult about a new antihypertensive medication?

Allow the patient time to express him- or herself and ask questions.

The nurse is organizing a health promotion program for a specific cultural group. Which intervention would effectively meet the needs of the group? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Assessing the general needs of the cultural group Assessing the commonly held beliefs among the cultural group Developing cultural awareness to establish trust with the group Generalizing patients on the basis of their cultural backgroundUsing teaching tools that are simple and have many pictures and objects

Assessing the general needs of the cultural group Assessing the commonly held beliefs among the cultural group Developing cultural awareness to establish trust with the group

Which teaching tool is beneficial for patients with reading comprehension problems and visual deficits?

Audiovisual materials

A patient is scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft surgery. When is an appropriate time to teach breathing exercises and coughing techniques to this patient?

Before the surgery

Which principle should be followed when using analogies? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Being familiar with the concept Rehearsing the desired behavior Keeping the analogy simple and clear Outlining the task that should be performed by the patient Knowing the patient's background, experience, and culture

Being familiar with the concept Keeping the analogy simple and clear Knowing the patient's background, experience, and culture

Which instructional method would the nurse use to educate a patient on how to use a monitor to measure blood pressure at home?

Demonstration

Which teaching method does the nurse use for a patient newly diagnosed with diabetes who will be self-administering insulin?

Demonstration

Which learning principle would the nurse use to effectively educate a postsurgical patient? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Determine the extent to which the patient can perform skills. Assess the patient's physical condition before teaching. Refrain from asking the patient about cultural and spiritual influences about illness. If the patient is willing, involve the family member of the patient while teaching. Teach the patient in a location where he or she can easily interact with all the visitors.

Determine the extent to which the patient can perform skills. Assess the patient's physical condition before teaching. If the patient is willing, involve the family member of the patient while teaching.

While teaching a patient, the nurse determines that the patient is not able to read above the fifth-grade level. This describes which inability?

Functional illiteracy

While teaching pregnant women about nutrition and diet planning, the nurse randomly selects several women and gives them an opportunity to share their diet plans to correct mistakes and reinforce the correct information. The nurse is following which method of teaching?

Group discussion

A patient is scheduled for surgery on a fractured foot. The nurse demonstrates postoperative exercises to help the patient regain motion and strength and asks the patient to return demonstrate. Which purpose does this nursing action serve?

Increases the patient's self-efficacy

A patient could not properly read a handout on information related to myocardial infarction. The nurse identifies the patient as having a very low score of health and functional literacy. Which action by the nurse would impart better teaching to this patient? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Inform the patient that the myocardial infarction and its symptoms can recur. Use the term heart attack instead of myocardial infarction. Use long teaching sessions to include all essential information. Give regular breaks in between the teaching sessions. Assign elaborate and detailed reading materials.

Inform the patient that the myocardial infarction and its symptoms can recur. Use the term heart attack instead of myocardial infarction. Give regular breaks in between the teaching sessions.

A patient diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) has deficient knowledge related to the illness and its implications. Which teaching is a priority for the patient? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Exercise Dietary changes Medication Self-care Intervention for chest pain

Medication Intervention for chest pain Rationale: The nurse should set priorities for patient education based on the patient's needs. When the patient has deficient knowledge about the illness and its implications, the nurse teaches the patient how to take medication and interventions for chest pain, because these are immediate needs. Teaching about exercises, dietary changes, and home care can be performed after teaching about the illness and the medication.

Which individual is at high risk of having low health literacy? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Older adults Individuals living below the poverty level Minority adults White adults Individuals with a secondary education or higher

Older adults Individuals living below the poverty level Minority adults

During a follow-up visit for a regular checkup, a patient who is on long-term antihypertensive medication exhibits a blood pressure of 180/100 mm Hg. The health care provider prescribes diuretics. Which teaching approach is suitable for the patient?

Participating

Which basic step of the nursing process includes setting priorities based on the patient's immediate needs?

Planning

Which instructional methods help decrease patient anxiety by providing a better idea of the procedure?

Preparatory instruction

A patient is discharged after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Two days after the discharge, the patient comes back to the hospital reporting pus in the sternal incision site. The nurse tells the patient that this indicates infection and some tests should be performed. The patient shouts at the nurse and the surgeon and blames them for the complication. Which action would the nurse take?

Remain silent and let the patient express his or her anger.

During a teaching session, a parent approaches the nurse for advice about managing a child's temper tantrums. The nurse enacts the role of the child to evaluate the parent's response to the child's behavior. The nurse is using which instructional method to teach the parent?

Role play

The nurse is assessing a patient who was diagnosed with diabetes 5 years ago. The nurse finds out that the patient does not log daily blood sugar levels because he cannot operate the home glucometer properly. Which does this finding indicate?

The patient needs further teaching on glucose testing.

Which behavioral objective does the nurse set to measure the patient's ability to perform a breast self-examination?

The patient will perform breast self-examination correctly on herself before the end of the teaching session.

A pregnant patient reports abdominal pain. The nurse takes the patient for an emergency fetal fibronectin diagnostic test. Which teaching approach does the nurse use in this situation?

telling

Which teaching approach would be effective for informing a patient of an emergency appendectomy and the postoperative recovery he or she will experience?

telling