Chapter 26 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

A major stimulus for the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is _________________.

A rise in plasma osmolality

Which of the following tissues is the least hydrated?

Adipose tissue

Estrogens are chemically similar to _______________ and are therefore associated with water retention.

Aldosterone

Match the following condition with its possible cause and/or consequence: Edema

An atypical fluid accumulation in the interstitial space, leading to tissue swelling

Which of the following individuals would have the most body water?

An infant

Plasma

Fluid in the blood

Which of the following is not an electrolyte?

Glucose

All of the following would cause edema except ___________________.

Hypotension

All of the following factors would stimulate the hypothalamic thirst center except _________________.

Hypotonic extracellular fluid

Which of the following is associated with the swelling of cells?

Hypotonic hydration

The largest percentage of body water is located in what compartment?

Intracellular Fluid

Lymph, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), humors of the eye, synovial fluid, serous fluid, gastrointestinal secretions are considered part of what fluid compartment?

Interstitial fluid

Most water is excreted via the ____________.

Kidneys

The only cation exerting significant osmotic pressure in the ECF is _______________________. (ECF being the extracellular fluid compartment)

NA+

Diuresis peaks ________________ after drinking water.

One hour

The most important buffer system in the intracellular fluid compartment (ICF) is the ________________.

Protein buffer system

Extrecellular Fluid (ECF)

The body's "internal environment"

Interstitial Fluid (IF)

The fluid in the microscopic spaces between tissue cells

Intracellular Fluid (ICF)

Trillions of tiny individual "compartments"

The major source of water loss from the body is _________________.

Urine

Match the following condition with its possible cause and/or consequence: Dehydration

When water output exceeds intake over a period of time

Edema is accumulation of fluid in the ___________.

interstitial space