Chapter 26 Inquisitives
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing Gerald Ford's first actions as president.
Among Gerald Ford's first actions as president was to pardon Richard Nixon, shielding him from prosecution for OBSTRUCTION OF JUSTICE. President Ford claimed that he wanted the American people to put the WATERGATE scandal behind them, but the move by Ford proved to be a widely unpopular one and helped to launch the national political career of JIMMY CARTER, who prior to entering politics was a peanut farmer from Georgia.
As part of détente, Nixon and Brezhnev worked out two treaties. What was the name of the treaty that limited the development of weapons systems designed to intercept incoming missiles?
Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty
Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence describing how Nixon fundamentally altered Cold War policies.
As a result of ping-pong diplomacy and the negotiation skills of HENRY KISSINGER and Nixon, COMMUNIST CHINA obtained the permanent seat at the UNITED NATIONS, formerly occupied by Taiwan.
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing the emergence of the environmental movement.
Barry Commoner in The Closing Circle discusses how Americans have broken the circle of life by injecting man-made linear processes that KILL the planet. Richard Blakemore, in his Report on the Sagebrush Rebellion, states that the circumstances that called for GOVERNMENT control of the environment have passed, as the nation needs food, energy, and minerals to survive the ENERGY CRISIS. Freedom to consume was back in fashion.
The high point of Carter's administration was the Camp David Accords. What did Carter accomplish after two weeks of negotiations at Camp David, Maryland?
Carter convinced long-time enemies Israel and Egypt gave up land in return for peace in the region.
Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence describing the conservative agenda during the 1970s.
Conservatives abandoned overt opposition to AFRICAN AMERICANS' struggle for social justice and turned to appeals for freedom of association, local control, and resistance to the power of the FEDERAL government.
A photograph shows President Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in Red Square during Reagan's visit to Moscow in 1988.The Reagan Revolution was unlike anything anyone had ever seen before in American government: the nation would go into incredible debt with double-digit inflation and a foreign policy that was punctuated by the Iran-Contra affair.
False
The Reagan Revolution was unlike anything anyone had ever seen before in American government: the nation would go into incredible debt with double-digit inflation and a foreign policy that was punctuated by the Iran-Contra affair.
False
What was the outcome of the unanimous ruling in the 1971 Supreme Court case Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenberg Board of Education?
Forced Busing
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing the Pentagon Papers.
In 1973, an employee of the Pentagon secretly copied documents about how the U.S. government MISLED the American people about U.S. military involvement in Vietnam as far back as 1945. These papers revealed that the United States had been in Vietnam as far back as WORLD WAR II. The papers were published by the NEW YORK TIMES.
Hoping to cut North Vietnamese supply lines along the Ho Chi Minh Trail, Nixon secretly ordered American troops into neutral Cambodia in 1970. What did the event accomplish, despite not achieving its military goals?
It managed to destabilize the government and led to the Khmer Rouge.
Identify the consequences—both long-term and short-term—of the Vietnam War.
It undermined Americans' confidence in its own institutions. It created the belief that the United States should be reluctant to commit its armed forces overseas. It challenged the belief that the United States had a right to decide the fate of a faraway people about whom it knew very little.
Identify the statements that describe stagflation.
It was the combination of stagnant economic growth and high inflation. It was the result of rising oil prices, which were, in part, retaliation for the United States' continuing support for the state of Israel.
The high-water mark of student protest against the war in Vietnam took place when armed forces within the United States fired upon student protesters at different universities in the United States. Which universities were the infamous sites of these violent confrontations during Nixon's first administration?
Kent State Jackson State
Under Carter, human rights became the focal point of American foreign policy. To neoconservatives, this made the United States look weak to the rest of the world. According to the map below, to which of the following countries did the United States government send American troops in the 1980s?
Nicaragua El Salvador Panama
What about Nixon's personality traits foreshadowed the Watergate affair?
Nixon was obsessed with secrecy. Nixon viewed every critic of his policies as a threat to national security.
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing how Nixon tried to appeal to blue-collar wage earners in his first term as president.
Secretary of Labor George Shultz proposed THE PHILADELPHIA PLAN, which would require contractors on government projects to hire a certain number of AFRICAN-AMERICAN employees. He suspected it would lead to conflicts between blacks and labor unions, ultimately creating a situation in which Republicans could only benefit.
Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing the social shift caused by the sexual revolution in America.
The 1970s saw a RISE in the average age in which men and women got married, as well as an increase in the number of DIVORCES. It also marked the availability of LEGAL ABORTION, which in addition to birth control provided women with more control over their lives and futures.
Why would the West favor conservative policies?
The environmental movement supports too many acts that limit the use of Western lands for business. The West needs unregulated land for energy, agricultural production, and mineral resources.
Place the labels in order to describe how supply-side (or "trickle-down") economics was supposed to stimulate the economy.
The wealthy receive significant tax breaks. The wealthy invest extra money in the private sector for research and development. The private sector creates new marketable products that lead to increased profits. Government sees an increase in tax revenue from increased profits in the private sector.
Neoconservatives before Reagan were intellectuals who thought the counterculture went too far and became too un-American because it did not respect morality or authority. In Reagan, the neoconservatives thought they found someone who would show strong American leadership abroad with aggressiveness, instead of passivity, when dealing with adversaries.
True
The My Lai massacre, in which U.S. forces killed more than 350 civilians, marked a turning point in support for the Vietnam War, especially as it was revealed that the government tried to cover up the tragic event.
True
The War Powers Act required the president to gain congressional approval for sending American troops overseas. As such, it was the strongest assertion of congressional control over foreign policy.
True
While President Nixon was associated with détente, he armed anti-communist dictators in Iran, the Philippines, and South Africa, and helped to overthrow the socialist regime in Chile. This was reminiscent of the Cold War tactics of the Dulles brothers in the 1950s.
True
Place the following events regarding the Watergate affair in chronological order.
Washington Post reporters publish enough information to start a congressional inquiry. John Dean reveals the tape-recording device used in the Oval Office. Archibald Cox demands the tapes, leading to the Saturday Night Massacre. The Supreme Court rules that Nixon must surrender the tapes. Nixon resigns and the tapes become private property.
What does it reveal about the median age for marriage in the United States between 1947 and 1981?
Women have consistently married at a younger age than men. The median age for men to marry increased by less than a year. The median age for a woman to marry increased by approximately a year and a half.
Richard Nixon, Premier Zhou Enlai and others at a banquet celebrating Nixon's visit to China.Despite a large lead after the chaos at the Democratic National Convention in 1968, Nixon won his presidential election by only a razor-thin margin in the popular vote. Identify his efforts to win over moderates in the first year of his term in office.
combat air/water pollution, clean up hazardous waste --Environmental Protection Agency thaw the Cold War --détente make the nation's workplaces safer for its workers --Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Ford's greatest achievement came in 1975 under the realm of foreign policy when the United States signed the Helsinki Accords. These gave North Vietnam complete control of Vietnam and surrendered the U.S. Mayaguez to the communist regime of Pol Pot.
false
Why did people after World War II believe that conservatism was "a relic of a discredited past"?
its preference for a social hierarchy its penchant for conspiracy theories its support of anti-Semitism
Ronald Reagan put together a new coalition of supporters that had never joined forces behind one candidate. Identify the demographic groups that made up the new Reagan coalition.
neoconservatives Sunbelt suburbanites antigovernment crusaders the Christian Right
Define the following key terms.
provided preferential hiring policies for minorities -affirmative action belief that whites were unfairly suffering from employment programs that supported minorities -reverse discrimination banned gender discrimination in higher education -Title IX
The national debt hit a forty-seven-year low just as Reagan was taking office. Identify the statements that describe the policies and outcomes of Reaganomics.
running a large deficit in peacetime experiencing the most severe recession since the Great Depression