chapter 26 online quiz
A 21-year-old male was working in an auto repair shop and sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest. According to the rule of nines, this patient has burns that cover _____ of his BSA. A. 18% B. 27% C. 36% D. 45%
a
A 38-year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should: A. begin CPR and apply the AED. B. begin CPR and transport at once. C. assess for entry and exit wounds. D. fully immobilize his spinal column.
a
A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a: a. superficial burn b. partial-thickness c. second-degree d. full-thickness burn
a
A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20′ and is lying unconscious on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should: A. rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live. B. apply insulated gloves and assume manual control of his c-spine. C. quickly but carefully move the patient away from the power line. D. manually stabilize his head as your partner assesses for breathing.
a
An injury that separates various layers of soft tissue, resulting in complete detachment or a flap of skin, is called a(n): a. avulsion b. incision c. amputation d. laceration
a
As you approach a young male who was involved in an industrial accident, you note that his eyes are closed and that he is not moving. You can see several large contusions to his arms, a laceration to his forehead with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right leg. You should: A. open his airway and assess his breathing status. B. perform an immediate head-to-toe assessment. C. assess his pulse for rate, regularity, and quality. D. apply high-flow oxygen and assess his injuries.
a
Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because: a. pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass b. most burns in children are the result of child abuse c. pediatric patients are more prone to hyperthermia d. pediatric patients have a proportionately larger volume of blood
a
In addition to severe bleeding, the MOST life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is: A. an air embolism. B. a spinal fracture. C. an ischemic stroke. D. nerve fiber damage.
a
Which of the following is a severe burn in a 35 year old patient? a. circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest b. full-thickness burn to 5% of the body surface area c. superficial burn covering 50% of the body surface area d. partial-thickness burn to 20% of the body surface area
a
Which of the following is a severe burn in a 65 year old patient? a. partial-thickness burn o 20% of the BSA b. full-thickness burn to 1% of the BSA c. second-degree burn covering 10% of the BSA d. superficial burn to 30% of the BSA
a
Which of the following statements regarding electrical burns is correct? A. Entrance wounds are small relative to the amount of internal tissue damage. B. Respiratory or cardiac arrest following an electrical burn is very uncommon. C. The exit wound caused by electrical burns is smaller than the entrance wound. D. The size of the entry and exit wounds is a reliable indicator of internal damage.
a
A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n): A. abrasion. B. contusion. C. hematoma. D. crush injury.
b
A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and portion of the: a. fatty layer b. dermal layer c. epidermis d. muscle fascia
b
During an altercation in a bar, two patrons got into a fist fight. The first patient, a 44-year-old female, was struck in the mouth and refuses EMS care. The second patient, a 39-year-old female, has a small laceration to her left knuckle and also refuses EMS care. Which of the following statements regarding this scenario is MOST correct? A. You should contact the police and have the patients arrested. B. The 39-year-old female is at high risk for an infection. C. The patient struck in the mouth should be immobilized. D. The 44-year-old female is at high risk for an infection.
b
During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern is MOST consistent with a: A. handgun. B. shotgun. C. .22-caliber pistol. D. .357 magnum.
b
In which of the following patients should you remove an impaled object? a. a semiconscious patient with an ice pick impaled in the chest b. a pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back c. a conscious and alert patient with a fishhook impaled in the eye d. an apneic patient with a shard of glass impaled in the abdomen
b
Patients with full-thickness (third-degree) burns generally do not complain of pain because: a subcutaneous vessels are usually clotted b. the nerve endings have been destroyed c. they are generally not conscious d. blister formation protects the burn
b
What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body? A. dermis B. epidermis C. muscular layer D. subcutaneous layer
b
When assessing a patient with a closed soft-tissue injury, it is MOST important to: a. recognize that the integrity of the skin is broken b. remain alert for more severe underlying injuries c. assess circulation distal to the site of the injury d. manipulate the injury site for signs of a fracture
b
Which of the following is a severe burn in a 2 year old child? a. partial-thickness burn that covers 10% of the BSA b. any full-thickness burn, regardless of its location on the body c. superficial burn that covers 25% of the BSA d. any burn that involves the amrs, legs, or posterior part of the body
b
Which of the following is of LEAST importance when initially assessing the severity of a burn? a. age of the pt b. known drug allergies c. past medical history d. area(s) burned
b
A 17-year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an altercation with a gang member. As your partner is applying 100% oxygen, you perform a rapid secondary assessment and find an open chest wound with a small amount of blood bubbling from it. You should: A. place a sterile dressing over the wound and apply direct pressure. B. control the bleeding from the wound and prepare to transport at once. C. apply an occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment. D. direct your partner to assist the patient's ventilations with a bag-mask device.
c
A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused, has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead, and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should: A. perform a neurologic exam. B. palpate his radial pulses. C. administer high-flow oxygen. D. apply ice to the hematoma.
c
A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should: A. carefully probe the wound to determine if the bleeding is venous or arterial. B. carefully remove the avulsed flap and wrap it in a moist, sterile trauma dressing. C. replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing D. thoroughly irrigate the wound with sterile water and cover it with a sterile dressing.
c
All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, EXCEPT for the: a. nose b. anus c. lips d. mouth
c
When a person is exposed to a cold environment: a. blood vessels dilate and divert blood to the core of the body b. sweat is produced and is warmed when the vessels constrict c. peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin d. the skin becomes flushed secondary to peripheral vasodilation
c
Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct? A. A child's head is equal to 14% of his or her total BSA. B. The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA. C. The posterior of a child's leg is equal to 13.5% of the BSA. D. The anterior arm in the adult is equal to 9% of the total BSA.
c
You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should: A. remove the bandage and dressing and apply another one. B. carefully manipulate her arm until the symptoms subside. C. assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed. D. remove the gauze bandage and replace it with an elastic one.
c
A 33-year-old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with a large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life-threatening injuries, how you should care for his wound? A. Irrigate it with sterile water and cover it with a dry dressing B. Cover the exposed bowel and keep his legs in a straight position. C. Carefully replace the exposed bowel into the abdomen and transport. D. Cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing.
d
A laceration: a. rarely penetrates through the subcutaneous tissue to the muscle b. is a sharp, smooth cut that is made by a surgical scalpel c. is an injury that separates various layers of soft tissue d is a jagged out caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma
d
An 8-year-old male was bitten by a stray dog. He has a large laceration to the back of his left hand, which your partner covered with a sterile dressing and bandage. In addition to transporting the child to the hospital, you should: A. administer oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. B. ask the child's father to try to locate the dog. C. advise the child that he will need rabies shots. D. report the incident to the appropriate authorities.
d
When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should: A. deactivate the chemical with a 5% vinegar solution. B. quickly irrigate the arm with large amounts of water. C. use forceful streams of water to remove the chemical. D. brush away the chemical before flushing with water.
d
Which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin? a. soles of the feet b. back c. scalp d ears
d
Which of the following open soft-tissue injuries is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss? a. laceration b. avulsion c. incision d. abrasion
d
Which of the following statements regarding the dermis is correct? a. the cells of the dermis are worn away and are constantly replaced b. the dermis lies above the germinal layer and provides protection c. the dermis produces a substance that provides color to the skin d. the dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings
d
With regard to the pediatric rule of nines, the: a. arms are proportionately larger than an adult's b. head is proportionately smaller than an adult's c. thorax is proportionately larger than an adult's d. legs are proportionately smaller than an adult's
d
