Chapter 27

Which of these is a high-velocity wound that carries the greatest risk for death when considering the concept of cavitation? A) Gunshot wound to the spleen B) Shotgun wound to the lung C) Gunshot wound to the stomach D) Stab wound to the liver

A) Gunshot wound to the spleen

After assessing these patients, which would the EMT identify as suffering from multisystem trauma? A) A 31-year-old female who has a large laceration to her leg from a hunting knife, with bleeding controlled B) A 61-year-old male who became dizzy and fell down five stairs, and who has a laceration to the head and open fracture of the left lower leg C) An 89-year-old female who fell in a nursing home and has a hematoma to the back of her head D) A 24-year-old male who slipped on ice and has tenderness to the right shoulder

B) A 61-year-old male who became dizzy and fell down five stairs, and who has a laceration to the head and open fracture of the left lower leg

What is the best description of the goal of a trauma system? A) Providing all trauma patients with a complete battery of diagnostic tests and access to specialists B) Getting the right patient to the right facility in the right amount of time C) Transporting as many patients as possible by air medical transportation D) Providing the highest level of care possible within a 10-minute transport time frame for all patients

B) Getting the right patient to the right facility in the right amount of time

The EMT understands the importance of evaluating the mechanism of injury when he states: A) "The mechanism of injury is useful in determining the exact injuries the patient has sustained." B) "Evaluating the mechanism of injury is important because it determines whether emergency transport to the hospital is needed." C) "The mechanism of injury is a useful tool in determining whether the patient's outcome will be good or bad." D) "The mechanism of injury can be used to guide the EMT's injury assessment and treatment of the patient."

D) "The mechanism of injury can be used to guide the EMT's injury assessment and treatment of the patient."

Which injury is most serious, warranting immediate and rapid transport to the local trauma center? A) Large, deep laceration to the arm with bone visible B) Open fracture to the left lower leg C) Deformity to the right ankle with pain rated as a 10/10 D) Instability and crepitus to the left lateral chest wall

D) Instability and crepitus to the left lateral chest wall

You arrive at the scene where a young male patient fell out of a tree he was climbing. Although he fell from a lower branch, he was still reportedly 10-12 feet in the air when he fell. The patient landed on his side on the ground. Which element of the kinematics of trauma would explain the mechanism of any injuries he may have sustained? A) Terminal mass B) Terminal velocity C) Rapid acceleration D) Rapid deceleration

D) Rapid deceleration

Which of the statements concerning trauma is most accurate? A) Multisystem trauma has a higher mortality rate than single-system injuries B) Falls are the leading cause of trauma deaths C) The mechanism of injury is the best predictor of patient outcome D) A "spider web" or "star" pattern of cracks on the windshield means the patient impacted the windshield with his head

A) Multisystem trauma has a higher mortality rate than single-system injuries

During an in-service program focusing on care of the trauma patient, the medical director asks if anyone can correctly describe the "platinum 10 minutes." What statement by a participant is the best response? A) "EMS should spend 10 minutes assessing the patient for life-threatening injuries prior to initiating transport to the emergency department." B) "EMS should initiate transport of the critically injured trauma patient to the hospital within 10 minutes of arriving on scene." C) "If the transport to a trauma center will exceed 10 minutes, EMS should strongly consider the use of an aeromedical helicopter." D) "EMS systems should be designed so that it takes an ambulance no longer than 10 minutes to respond to a trauma call."

B) "EMS should initiate transport of the critically injured trauma patient to the hospital within 10 minutes of arriving on scene."

As you pull up to a motor vehicle collision, you quickly scan the scene for clues as to the type and severity of injuries. Which observation would best indicate that a patient may have a head injury? A) Frontal-type collision B) Air bag deployment C) Starburst on the windshield D) Blood on a patient's clothing

C) Starburst on the windshield

What is the best description of the "platinum 10 minutes" as it applies to care of the trauma patient? A) The goal for total amount of time from the actual injury to arrival of EMS at the scene B) The target maximum time that the multisystem trauma patient should spend in the emergency department before being transferred to surgery C) The target maximum scene time for EMS as it applies to the seriously injured trauma patient D) The time it should take the transporting ambulance to get the trauma patient to the closest medical facility

C) The target maximum scene time for EMS as it applies to the seriously injured trauma patient