Chapter 29
A nuclear reactor came close to meltdown in 1979 at A. Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania B. Shoreham, New York C. Seabrook, New Hampshire D. Fernald, Ohio
A.
In the years from 1973 to 1975, the oil-exporting nations of OPEC A. declared an oil embargo against the United States B. cut oil prices to encourage demand C. failed to agree on production quotas and prices D. kicked the US out of OPEC
A.
Which of the following issues did evangelicals disregard as they fought against the influences of what they believed to be an immoral society? A. Individual rights B. The nuclear family C. Strict gender roles D. Motherhood
A.
Who was the presidential candidate who ran as a Washington outsider and promised to clean up government? A. Jimmy Carter B. Richard Nixon C. Gerald Ford D. Humbert Humphrey
A.
Why did the US economy suffer from inflation in the mid-1970s? A. It was brought on in part by military spending in Vietnam B. Unemployment was at its lowest point C. Consumer demand for goods was high D. President Nixon did not address the problem
A.
Economic competition from West Germany and Japan led to A. stagflation B. deindustrialization C. the demise of the Bretton Woods system D. the energy crisis
B.
The post-Watergate political reforms passed by Congress A. encouraged bipartisanship B. made government more transparent C. made government more efficient D. decreased the power of special interests
B.
Which of the following describes the Equal Rights Amendment? A. The law was first proposed by the National Organization for Women in 1970 B. It was ratified by thrity-four states by the end of 1974, but its progress stalled C. President Nixon, an ardent opponent of feminism, vetoed it in 1973. D. The issue divided moderate from radical feminists, causing the decline of the movement
B.
Which of the following made a critical contribution to the emergence of the sexual revolution of the 1960s? A. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 B. The birth control pill C. The expansion of higher education D. The Vietnam War
B.
Which of the following was the cause of President Nixon's downfall? A. His decision to order the Watergate break-in B. His obstruction of justice in the Watergate matter C. Nixon's failure to please conservatives D. The media's unwillingness to portray him fiarly
B.
Which of these developments spurred the birth of the modern environmentalist movement? A. Theodore Roosevelt's presidency B. The publication of Silent Spring in 1962 C. The first celebration of Earth Day in 1970 D. Public outcry against illegal waste dumps in Toledo, Ohio
B.
How did the Supreme Court led by Warren Burger compare to that led by Earl Warren? A. The Warren Court gave more importance to property rights than to civil rights B. Burger's strict constructionism reversed the Warren Court's agenda C. The Burger Court refused to scale back the Warren Court's liberal precedents D. The Warren Court was more conservative than the Burger Court
C.
In 1978, California voters began a national trend by enacting a ballot initiative called Proposition 13 that A. denied homosexual men and women legally protected status in state employment, public accommodation, and housing B. Outlawed affrimative action practice in employment, education, and the awarding of state contracts C. rolled back property taxes and required future tax measures to pass the legislature with a two-thirds vote. D. banned existing programs of county-to county busing to integrate urban and suburban public schools
C.
Nuclear reactors account for what percentage of all US power generation today? A. 1 percent B. 5 percent C. 20 percent D. 50 percent
C.
Rachel Carson is associated with A. the advocacy of consumer safety issues B. feminist activism for an equal rights amendment C. the rebirth of environmental activism D. ending the proliferation of nuclear energy plants
C.
The Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. Wade was based on A. misuse of federal funds B. reverse discrimination C. the right to privacy D. separation of church and state
C.
Which of the following US industries was most badly hurt by deindustrialization in the 1970s? A. Automobile B. Textile C. Steel D. Furniture
C.
Which of the following was the largest Protestant denomination, which grew 23 percent between 1970 and 1985? A. Assemblies of God B. Methodist C. Southern Baptist D. Pentecostal
C.
Why did President Ford pardon Nixon a month after Ford took office in 1973? A. Nixon had been punished enough by having to resign the presidency B. Putting Nixon on trial would reveal information damaging to national security C. He wished to spare the country the agony of rehashing Watergate D. Nixon was depressed and suicidal
C.
Why did the federal deficit grow dramatically in the late 1960s? A. Presidents Johnson and Nixon had introduced tax cuts for American workers B. Rising interest rates on the national debt became increasingly burdensome C. The government had spent huge sums of the Great Society programs and the Vietnam War D. The drop in foreign imports caused a loss in tariff revenues
C.
How did the US respond to the OPEC oil embargo in the early 1970s? A. Americans started to buy small, fuel-efficient automobiles manufactured in Detroit B. Congress cut off funding for the construction of the remainder of the interstate highway system C. American automobile manufacturers began producing expensive, all-electric cars D. Congress passed a law limiting highway speeds to 55 miles per hour.
D.
Which of the following statements describes the Nixon administration's domestic policies? A. Nixon vetoed nearly all of the environmental laws passed by Congress during his time in office B. Nixon was blocked by Congress from impounding billions of dollars appropriated for social and environmental programs C. Nixon successfully vetoed a bill to reform the social welfare system by eliminating Aid to Dependent Children D. The Environmental Protection Agency was signed into law by Nixon and had broad bipartisan support
D.
Which of the following statements describes the feminist movement in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s? A. It consisted of a relatively small number of women whose activism had a large presence but little effect B. The women's movement declined as soon as feminist activists gained access to highly paid corporate jobs C. The feminist movement had a significant impact only on the lives of white middle-class heterosexual women D. Feminist activism addressed many issues, took a variety of forms, and affected millions of women
D.
Which of the following was the most polarizing Supreme Court decision of the 1970s? A. Miller v. California B. Gregg v. Georgia C. Bakke v. University of California D. Roe v. Wade
D.
Who masterminded the 1972 break-in at the Democratic National Headquarters in the Watergate complex? A. Vice President Gerald Ford B. Two reporters at the Washington Post C. President Nixon and Secretary of State WIlliam P. Rogers D. Members of the Committee to Re-elect the President
D.
