Chapter 3-4

The Ocean shipping industry has begun to use what type of fuel to improve emissions

LNG

What does truck platooning refer to?

Group of vehicles that communicate via a wireless connection that assists with vehicle movement

Efforts are being made underway to take many of the routine operator tasks in transportation and

turn them over to computers

As a whole, the transportation industry created blank percent of greenhouse gas emissions in 2015, with clear majority coming from trucks

27%

Various studies indicate that cost savings from TMS helps an organization reduce freight costs by

6-10%

Blockchain has the ability to: a. Reduce documentation in supply chain b. Promote more sustainable transport c. reduct cost in the supply chain d. All

All

Which of the following is a trucking equipment innovation that can help improve fuel efficicency? a. trailer skirts b. trailer tails c. gap reducers d. All of the above e. none

All of the above

What are the various concepts of autonomous transportation, and how will they affect the world of transportation

Autonomous transportation's main concept is to eliminate the need for truck driving and ship steering in order to have less acidents and higher efficiency in transportation. Another concept it truck platooning which allows several trucks to be connected and communicate through a wireless network, allowing one person to drive while several others can rest or catch up on work.

The basic type of rates are class, exception, and

Commodity

One reason autonomous transportation makes sense for the trucking industry is

High driver turnover

Electronic logging devices (ELD) have been mandated in the US to

Improve safety and more accurately log driver hours

Sumarize the key players in the "Electric Truck Race"

In 2017 Cummins Inc introduced a zero emissions engine that relies on electricity to run. The engine is capable of running a 22 ton trailer up to 100 miles. They are looking to add an efficent diesel engine to support an additional 200 miles. Competitors in this race are Wrightspeed and Proterra who make hybrid electric buses and garbage trucks. Tesla and Ford are also looking into electric trucks.

Name 2 types of special rates:

Multiple car rates Incentive rates.

What are some of the problems with the use of Common Costs raises for Cost of Service pricing, particularly the Average cost approach

Rates based upon average or fully allocated cost makes it necessary to apportion common costs by some arbitrary means

What is social responsibility pricing?

Social responsibility pricing puts a premium on the welfare of society and customers before it does profit and sales.

Best of breed solutions refers to

Software applications from leading providers

The Transportation Assest Protection Association was created to:

Work across industry sectors and transportation modes to thwart criminal activity

Third degree price discrimination

charging different prices to different buyers who are grouped based on price elasticity of demand

Value of service pricing is also called

charging what the traffic will bear

For the theory of contestable markets to work, four conditions have to be met: no barriers to market entry, no economies of scale present, consumer willingness to switch between carriers, and

existing carriers prevented from responding to new entrants lower prices

The engagement of multiple stakeholders in transportation planning drives the need for

multidirectional flows across a network

There are two separate concepts in Cost of service pricing. They are:

prices based on average or marginal cost

Supply chains rely on three flows

product, money, and information

A pricing objective that aims to increase cash flow through the use of low prices is referred to as:

survival-based pricing

Software as a service (Saas) is also called

the pay as you go method

Three necessary conditions must be met before a seller can practice third degree price discrimination. The conditions are: buyers must be separated into groups or submarkets according to their elasticities of demand, the seller must possess some degree of monopoly power and,

the seller must prevent transfer of sales between groups or submarkets