Chapter 3

The degree to which a person has a positive feeling about a job after evaluating the​ job's characteristics is known as​: psychological empowerment, job involvement, job enrichment, job analysis, job satisfaction

job satisfaction

The effects of dissonance can be reduced by​: caring about the dissonance, situational variables, high rewards, thinking through the problem, lack of influence over the dissonance

high rewards

Employee satisfaction is related to: positive customer outcomes, pay, product development, flexible benefits, current employee referral systems

positive customer outcomes

Much research has been conducted on measuring and recording employee​ satisfaction, and there are numerous intricate techniques for gathering information. Which of the following is the most helpful to management to record this type of​ information?: likert scales, oral interviews, online surveys, the single global rating, polls

the single global rating

The cognitive component of an attitude is best described by​: - the reactive part of an attitude - the thought or description that underlies an attitude - the excited part of an attitude - the emotional feeling that underlies an attitude - the intention to behave a certain way

the thought or description that underlies an attitude

In several different​ studies, researchers have shown a relationship between corporate social responsibility and increased job satisfaction. This relationship is particularly true for​: nesters, generation z, milennials, baby boomers, generation x

Millennials

Which of the following best describes the difference in job satisfaction between​ low-income individuals and people who make a comfortable​ living?: -Money has a greater effect on job satisfaction among​ comfortable-income people than​ low-income people. -Low-income people tend to be more satisfied with their jobs. -Individuals who earn incomes that place them into the affluent category have been identified as being highly satisfied with their jobs​ overall, more than any other category of workers. -People who make a comfortable living are less satisfied with their jobs. -Money has a greater effect on job satisfaction among​ low-income people than among​ comfortable-income people.

Money has a greater effect on job satisfaction among​ low-income people than among​ comfortable-income people.

Managers need to be aware of exit and neglect behaviors in response to dissatisfaction because they impose a negative influence on the organization and its employees. These behaviors are initiated and felt by the employee rather than imposed by management. In addition to these​ behaviors, which are generally perceived to have a negative​ effect, voice and loyalty are also possible responses.​ Again, these are behaviors initiated by the employee. With this​ information, what can a HR Director do to maximize the possibility the dissatisfied employees will respond with voice or loyalty or​ both, rather than an exit or neglect​ response?: - Incorporate appropriate orientation and training for incoming employees so they feel comfortable offering suggestions for improvement. - Actively monitor employee opinion and attitude on a regular basis to keep a finger on the pulse of the workforce. - Incorporate this knowledge into the recruitment and selection process to choose employees inclined to respond in a favorable way. In other​ words, this is about selecting employees who are a good match. - All the tactics listed in this question could be very successful in eliciting a positive voice or loyalty response - Incorporate appropriate​ selection, orientation, and training for management personnel to ensure that they observe the corporate culture of inclusivity and involvement that encourages the desired organizational citizenship behavior.

All the tactics listed in this question could be very successful in eliciting a positive voice or loyalty response in the event they become dissatisfied in the workplace.

The Director of HR at Multimedia Corporation is concerned about some stereotyping which has occurred in the work environment. To combat this stereotyping the HR director has decided​ to: - create less objective assessments - highlight group differences - adopt more transparent practices - allow small aggressions to continue -decrease the messaging about stereotyping since it doesn't seem to be working

adopt more transparent practices

Eric has been at his job for more than five years but has been passed over for promotion three times. Each time Eric was not considered he became angrier and angrier at the​ situation, until he started thinking about getting a new job.​ Eric's anger about being passed over for promotion represents which piece of his​ attitude?: -exclusion of members of specific groups from advancement opportunities -disrespectful treatment/behavior -verbal or physical advances that create an offensive work environment -inappropriate jokes or negative stereotypes -affective

affective

Ginger works for an organization that requires employees to engage in a variety of socially responsible projects as part of the​ job, although work hours are not reduced by this participation. In order to have a positive impact on job​ satisfaction, the organization may choose​ to: - eliminate CSR programs which require employee involvement - allow Ginger to decide whether she wants to participate or not - put Ginger in a group of peers to make it more fun - continue to require participation -make a public list of all those participating

allow Ginger to decide whether she wants to participate or not

Which of the following best describes cognitive​ dissonance?: - agreement between the beliefs of any two people -the rejection of an employer's belief system -an incompatibility between two of a person's beliefs, behavior, or attitudes -disagreement between the beliefs of any two people -an incompatibility between the opinions of any two people

an incompatibility between two of a person's beliefs, behaviors, or attitudes

Maria has been at her job for three years but is very dissatisfied and is ready to find a new job. When she goes home she tells her partner that she is going to look for a new job that has better benefits and pay and in which she can grow her career. This statement is an example of what part of​ Maria's attitude toward her​ job?: focal, intellectual, behavioral, affective ,cognitive

behavioral

The attitudes relationship can be modified by all of the following EXCEPT​: cultural identity, the importance of the attitude, direct experience, social pressure, accessibility

cultural identity

The summation of job facets measurement of job satisfaction identifies key elements of the job including all of the following EXCEPT​: promotion opportunities, nature of the work, supervision, relationships with co-workers, cultural identity

cultural identity

An HR Director wants to institute a new plan that will increase employee job satisfaction. This will not only improve profitability​ overall, but it will do so by improving​: - single glove ratios throughout the organization - customer satisfaction - workplace deviance -POS - OCB

customer satisfaction

Job satisfaction ratings were consistently high over a​ thirty-year period, and then job satisfaction ratings declined dramatically in 2007. What might be the reason for this​ decline?: - economic conditions - the measurement itself changed - employees were not provided an explanation of the questions - fewer employees filed out the survey - employees had more employment opportunities and therefore were less satisfied with their jobs

economic conditions

Henry realized that he no longer looked forward to going into work after a mandatory reorganization shifted both the specific tasks he was doing and how the tasks were accomplished. According to the summation of job facets measurement of job​ satisfaction, Henry's job satisfaction was impacted by a change​ in: nature of the work, co-workers, pay, supervision, promotional opportunity

nature of the work

A negative response that passively allows conditions to worsen​ (chronic absenteeism or​ lateness, reduced​ effort, and increased error​ rate) is a condition normally associated with subordinates rather than management personnel. The HR Director is attempting to minimize the negative ramifications of this​ response, known as​ ________. In concert with this goal of reducing the​ negative, she is also striving to increase​ ________, which generally results in employees going beyond the normal expectations of their jobs.: - neglect, OCB - exit, loyalty - complacency, overt hostility - turnover, job satisfaction - psychological empowerment, job involvement

neglect, OCB

Identifying with the goals of an organization and a desire to stay with that organization is known​ as: perceived organizational support, organizational culture, organizational commitment, organizational retention, job identification

organizational commitment

Zappos works to improve customer service employee satisfaction by: - paying employees to leave after training -clearly dividing up responsibilities into various departments -constantly turning over customer service employees -using scripts to make conversations easier - distributing paychecks each week

paying employees to leave after training

Organizational citizenship behavior​ (OCB) is defined as: -doing what is expected within the organization and doing it well -placing others in the organization before yourself -staying connected with peers -effectively using political skills within the organization -positive talk, helping others, and going beyond normal expectations at the job​

positive talk, helping others, and going beyond normal expectations at the job

An​ employee's belief in the degree to which they influence their work​ environment, their​ competencies, the meaningfulness of their​ job, and their perceived autonomy is known as​: organizational commitment (OC), perceived organizational support (POS), job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), psychological empowerment

psychological environment

The emotional or feeling segment of an​ attitude, which is viewed to be the more critical part of an​ attitude, is called​: employee engagement, the affective component, psychological empowerment, the behavioral component, the cognitive component

the affective component

Which of the following is the best description of job​ involvement?: -The degree to which people identify psychologically with their jobs. -A positive feeling about​ one's job based on evaluating its characteristics -A negative feeling about​ one's job based on evaluating its characteristics. -The degree to which people identify with an organization. -A​ person's belief that his or her job performance is meaningful.

the degree to which people identify psychologically with their jobs