Chapter 3: Cells

A programmed sequence of events that leads to cell death is called:

Apoptosis

Attached to the endoplasmic reticulum; concerned with protein synthesis

Ribosomes

Mitosis:

produces two genetically identical cells.

A cervical Pap smear indicates many undifferentiated cells. This is:

a characteristic of cancer cells.

A neoplasm may also be referred to as:

a tumor

Which of the following is an example of passive transport? A.) Facilitated diffusion B.) Endocytosis C.) Phagocytosis D.) Transport pump

A.) Facilitated diffusion

Why does a hot dog burst when boiled in water? A.) The hypotonic water enters the hot dog in response to osmosis, causing it to burst. B.) Water from the hot dog flows into the boiling water, causing it to burst. C.) Salt washes out of the hot dog into the boiling water, causing it to burst. D.) Salt concentration within the hot dog increases, causing it to burst.

A.) The hypotonic water enters the hot dog in response to osmosis, causing it to burst.

Which of the following is true of the mitochondria? A.) The number of mitochondria is the same in all cells. B.) These organelles produce most of the body's ATP. C.) They contain enzymes that operate anaerobically. D.) The metabolic end product in the mitochondria is lactic acid.

B.) These organelles produce most of the body's ATP.

What is the primary difference between diffusion and osmosis? A.) One is active and the other passive. B.) One requires ATP and the other doesn't require an energy source. C.) Diffusion involves the movement of a substance from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selective permeable membrane. D.) Both are active transport mechanisms but osmosis is a special case of diffusion.

C.) Diffusion involves the movement of a substance from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selective permeable membrane.

Which of the following is a correct statement regarding cellular organelles? A.) Cells that have no centrioles still have some limited ability to divide. B.) Mitochondria remove damaged organelles. C.) Microtubules are the primary component of cytoskeleton, the organelle that maintains the shape of the cell. D.) Most DNA is located within the ribosomes.

C.) Microtubules are the primary component of cytoskeleton, the organelle that maintains the shape of the cell.

Which statement is false regarding stem cells? A.) They are unspecialized cells that produce additional unspecialized cells. B.) The rate of stem cell division varies with the tissue type. C.) Stem cells are now used to repair most spinal cord injuries successfully. D.) The development of iPS cells eliminates the need for embryos as stem cell donors.

C.) Stem cells are now used to repair most spinal cord injuries successfully.

Which of the following describes the response of a red blood cell (RBC) to immersion in a hypertonic solution? A.) The RBC swells and bursts. B.) The RBC undergoes hemolysis. C.) The RBC undergoes crenation. D.) There is no net movement of water between the RBC and solution.

C.) The RBC undergoes crenation.

Short, hairlike projections on the outer surface of the cell

Cilia

The gel in a cell

Cytoplasm

Which of the following statements is false? A.) The first gap phase occurs during interphase. B.) The nuclear membrane disappears during prophase. C.) Telophase marks the end of mitosis. D.) Cytokinesis occurs during metaphase.

D.) Cytokinesis occurs during metaphase.

Which of the following is false regarding phagocytosis? A.) Endocytosis B.) Active transport C.) Cellular eating D.) Facilitated diffusion

D.) Facilitated diffusion

Which of the following is not associated with telophase? A.) The last phase of mitosis B.) Cytokinesis C.) M phase D.) G0

D.) G0

A drop of red dye is added to a beaker of water; in 2 hours, the beaker of water is uniformly colored red.

Diffusion

RER and SER

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A protein-containing vesicle within a cell fuses with the cell membrane and ejects the protein.

Excocytosis

A pressure gradient is the driving force for this type of transport.

Filtration

Tail that allows the sperm to swim

Flagella

Describes a solution that is more concentrated than the inside of a cell

Hypertonic

This solution will cause a red blood cell to swell with water and burst.

Hypotonic

Control center of the cell; contains the DNA

Nucleus

This solution has the same concentration as the inside of a red blood cell.

Isotonic

Contain potent enzymes capable of killing ingested bacteria

Lysosomes

Power plants of the cell; most of the ATP is made here.

Mitochondria

An example of this transport mechanism is the swelling of a blood clot as water is pulled into the clot.

Osmosis

Called "cellular drinking"

Pinocytosis

During the cell cycle:

cell division occurs during the M phase.

A specialized projection that helps sperm cells to swim is called a:

flagella.

The cell membrane:

is selectively permeable.

Most K+ is located within the cells, with little K+ in the tissue spaces. The only way to move additional K+ into the cell is:

to pump it into the cell.