Chapter 3 cells dynamic module

Proteins in the cell membrane that bind hormones and relay messages into the interior of the cell __________.

perform a function known as signal transduction

Cells of the body mainly use __________ for the selective endocytosis of most macromolecules.

receptor-mediated endocytosis

Pinocytosis is a type of__________.

endocytosis

Match the term with its definition: Hypotonic solution.

A solution containing fewer solutes than the cell

By which method does the following move into the cell: molecules moving against the concentration gradient?

Active transport mechanisms

In chemical signaling, which of the following is considered to be a second messenger?

Cyclic AMP

Match the type of membrane transport with the appropriate characteristic: Secondary active transport.

Driven indirectly by energy stored in concentration gradients of ions

Correctly match the term and definition: Vesicular transport that moves substances into cells.

Endocytosis

Correctly match the term and definition: The fusion of a vesicle with the plasma membrane to move substances out of the cell.

Exocytosis

Which of the following pairs is a correct match?

Exocytosis: active membrane transport process

The sodium-potassium pump helps to maintain the concentration gradients for sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. Select the true statement regarding the sodium-potassium pump.

For each molecule of ATP used, the pump moves three positively charged sodium ions out of the cell.

Which of the following binds to a specific receptor and initiates a response in a cell?

Ligand

Match the type of membrane transport with the appropriate characteristic: Primary active transport.

Movement of a substance that utilizes a carrier; energy comes directly from hydrolysis of ATP

Cyanide poisoning prevents the production of ATP. If ATP were not available to drive the sodium-potassium pump, which of the following is most likely?

Na+ will leak back into the cell and bring water with it causing cells to burst.

By which method does the following move into the cell: Movement of large particles, bacteria, or cellular debris by endocytotic vesicle

Phagocytosis

Correctly match the term and definition: Endocytosis of a tiny quantity of extracellular fluid containing solute molecules.

Pinocytosis

Which type of membrane transport process uses ATP as a source of energy?

Primary active transport

The electrochemical gradient recognizes the effect of both electrical and concentration (chemical) forces. The electrochemical gradient applies to which of the following substances?

Sodium ions

Match the term with its definition: Hydrostatic pressure.

The force of a liquid pushing against something

Match the term with its definition: Osmotic pressure.

The force that solutes have to attract water

Select the statement that is false regarding the resting membrane potential.

The minus sign of the resting membrane potential indicates that the outside of the cell is negative compared to its inside.

Which of the following is true with regard to membrane potential?

Transient opening of gated Na+ and K+ channels in the plasma membrane is a m=normal means of activating neurons and muscle cells

Crenation takes place when a cell is placed in __________.

a hypertonic solution

A cell will swell, and likely burst, if it is placed in __________ solution.

a hypotonic

The resting membrane potential is mainly determined by __________.

the concentration gradient of K+ and the differential permeability of the plasma membrane to K+ and other ions