Chapter 3 cells dynamic module
Proteins in the cell membrane that bind hormones and relay messages into the interior of the cell __________.
perform a function known as signal transduction
Cells of the body mainly use __________ for the selective endocytosis of most macromolecules.
receptor-mediated endocytosis
Pinocytosis is a type of__________.
endocytosis
Match the term with its definition: Hypotonic solution.
A solution containing fewer solutes than the cell
By which method does the following move into the cell: molecules moving against the concentration gradient?
Active transport mechanisms
In chemical signaling, which of the following is considered to be a second messenger?
Cyclic AMP
Match the type of membrane transport with the appropriate characteristic: Secondary active transport.
Driven indirectly by energy stored in concentration gradients of ions
Correctly match the term and definition: Vesicular transport that moves substances into cells.
Endocytosis
Correctly match the term and definition: The fusion of a vesicle with the plasma membrane to move substances out of the cell.
Exocytosis
Which of the following pairs is a correct match?
Exocytosis: active membrane transport process
The sodium-potassium pump helps to maintain the concentration gradients for sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. Select the true statement regarding the sodium-potassium pump.
For each molecule of ATP used, the pump moves three positively charged sodium ions out of the cell.
Which of the following binds to a specific receptor and initiates a response in a cell?
Ligand
Match the type of membrane transport with the appropriate characteristic: Primary active transport.
Movement of a substance that utilizes a carrier; energy comes directly from hydrolysis of ATP
Cyanide poisoning prevents the production of ATP. If ATP were not available to drive the sodium-potassium pump, which of the following is most likely?
Na+ will leak back into the cell and bring water with it causing cells to burst.
By which method does the following move into the cell: Movement of large particles, bacteria, or cellular debris by endocytotic vesicle
Phagocytosis
Correctly match the term and definition: Endocytosis of a tiny quantity of extracellular fluid containing solute molecules.
Pinocytosis
Which type of membrane transport process uses ATP as a source of energy?
Primary active transport
The electrochemical gradient recognizes the effect of both electrical and concentration (chemical) forces. The electrochemical gradient applies to which of the following substances?
Sodium ions
Match the term with its definition: Hydrostatic pressure.
The force of a liquid pushing against something
Match the term with its definition: Osmotic pressure.
The force that solutes have to attract water
Select the statement that is false regarding the resting membrane potential.
The minus sign of the resting membrane potential indicates that the outside of the cell is negative compared to its inside.
Which of the following is true with regard to membrane potential?
Transient opening of gated Na+ and K+ channels in the plasma membrane is a m=normal means of activating neurons and muscle cells
Crenation takes place when a cell is placed in __________.
a hypertonic solution
A cell will swell, and likely burst, if it is placed in __________ solution.
a hypotonic
The resting membrane potential is mainly determined by __________.
the concentration gradient of K+ and the differential permeability of the plasma membrane to K+ and other ions