Chapter 3 Data Visualization

To summarize and analyze data with both a crosstabulation and charting, Excel typically pairs

PivotCharts with PitTables

To avoid problems in interpreting the differences in color in a heat map, we can add:

Sparklines

Bar charts use

horizontal bars to display the magnitude of the quantitative variable.

Deleting the grid lines in a table and the horizontal lines in a chart

increases the data-ink ration.

The data dashboard for a marketing manager may have KPIs related to

current sales measures and sales by region

Data-ink is the ink used in a table or chart that

is necessary to convey the meaning of the data to the audience.

Treemap

is used for visualizing hierarchical data along multiple dimensions.

We create multiple dashboards

so that each dashboard can be viewed on a single screen.

Tables should be used instead of charts when

the values being displayed have different units or very different magnitudes.

Tables should be use when:

(1) The reader needs to refer to specific numerical values. (2) The reader needs to make precise comparisons between different values and not just relative comparisons. (3) The values being displayed have different units or very different magnitudes.

Scatter Chart

Is a graphical presentation of the relationship between two quantitative variables.

Scatter Chart

Is a graphical representation of the relationship between two quantitative variables.

Trendline

Is a line that provides an approximation of the relationship between the variables.

The geographic Information System (GIS)

Is a system that merges map and statistics to present data collected over different geographies.

A Line Chart for time series

Is often called a time series plot.

PParallel-Coordinates Plot

Is used for examining data with more than two variables, and it includes a different vertical axis for each variable.

The Recommended PivotTable Tool

Is useful for quickly creating commonly used PivotTables for a data set.

PivotTable

An interactive crosstabulation created in EXCEL

Line Charts

Are known as time series plots

Line Charts

Are very useful for time series data collected over a period of time (minutes, hours, days, years, etc). The data points are connected by a line.

Charts or Graphs

Are visual methods for displaying data.

Charts

Are visual methods of displaying data

A chart that is recommended as an alternative to a pie chart

Bar Chart

In order to visualize three variables in a two-dimensional graph, we use:

Bubble Chart

An alternative for a stacked column chart when comparing more than a couple of quantitative variables in each category is

Clustered Column Chart

A PivotChart, in few instances, is the same as

Clustered-column chart

Data Visualization

Is very helpful for identifying data errors and for reducing the size of your data set by highlighting important relationships, trends and conveying your analysis to others.

Chart Filter button

Is very useful for performing additional data analysis

A disadvantage of stacked-column chart and stacked-bar chart is that

It can be difficult to perceive small differences in areas.

The best way to differentiate chart elements is using

Labels

Column Charts

Graphic representation of data. Column charts display vertical bars going across the chart horizontally, with the values axis being displayed on the left side of the chart.

A two-dimensional graph representing the data using different shades of color to indicate magnitude is called

Heat Map

An effective display of trend and magnitude is achieved by using a combination of

Heat Map and Sparklines

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

In business, the values indicating the business's current operating characteristics, such as its financial position, the inventory on hand, and customer service metrics, are typically known as:

Making visual comparisons between categorical variables is difficult in a

Pie Chart

Never use a ________ chart when a __________ chart will suffice.

3-D; 2-D

Chart Elements button

A button that enables you to add, remove, or change chart elements such as the title, legend, gridlines, and data labels.

Chart Filter button

A button that enables you to change which data displays in the chart.

Chart Styles button

A button that enables you to set a style and color scheme for your chart.

Sparkline

A line chart that has no axes but is used to provide information on overall trends for time series data

Crosstabulation

A table that describes data of two variables. A tabular summary of data for two variables. The clases of one variable are represented by the rows; the clases for the other variable are represented by the columns.

Sparkline

A tiny chart in the background of a cell that gives a visual trend summary alongside your data; makes a pattern more obvious.

Quantity Ratings

Example of Categorical Data

Meal Prices

Example of Quantitative Data

To generate a scatter chart matrix we use

Excel XLMiner

Using additional ink that is not necessary to convey information has the effect of ____________ on the data-ink ratio

Reduce

Fields may be chosen to represent all of the following in the body of a PivotTable

Rows, values, and columns

A useful chart for displaying multiple variables is the

Scatter Chart Matrix

Scatter Charts are often referred as :

Scatter Plots or Scatter Diagrams

Bar Charts and Column Charts

The charts that are helpful in making comparisons between categorical variables.

Data-ink Ratio

The ration of the amount of ink used in a table or chart that necessary to convey information to the total amount of ink used in the table and chart. Ink used that is not necessary to convey information reduces the data-ink ration.

Excel

The software package most commonly used for creating simple charts.

Pivot Tables in Excel

They are also known as crosstabulation tables. They summarize data for two variables. They are interactive.

Line Charts

They connect the points in the charts. Are very useful for time series data collected over a period of time (minutes, hours, days, years, etc)

Using multiple lines on a line chart or employing multiple charts is an alternative to

Three-dimensional chart

Bar Charts

Used when data is divided into categories (discrete data) The horizontal bars display the magnitud of quantitative data. The bars are separated to show different categories

Data Dashboard

a data visualization tool that updates in real time and gives multiple output

Column Bar

a graphical presentation that uses vertical bars to display the magnitude of quantitative data

PivotTable

are interactive, and they may be used to display statistics other than a simple count of items.

In many cases, white space in chart can improve

readability.