Chapter 3

Which two factors must be present for there to be a search for Fourth Amendment purposes? a) government action and reasonable expectation of privacy b) government action and probable cause c) government action and objective reasonableness d) probable cause and reasonable expectation of privacy

a) government action and reasonable expectation of privacy

Government action alone is not enough to implicate the Fourth Amendment. The law enforcement activity must also infringe on a person's: a) reasonable expectation of privacy b) subjective thoughts of privacy c) objective determination of behavior d) knowing exposure

a) reasonable expectation of privacy

Which of the following occurs when a police officer - by means of physical force or show of authority - intentionally restrains an individual's liberty in such a manner that a reasonable person would believe that he or she is not free to leave a) seizure of a person b) search c) seizure of property d) seizure

a) seizure of a person

When there is some meaningful interference with an individual's possessory interest in that property, it is defined as a: a) seizure of property b) seizure c) search d) seizure of persons

a) seizure of property

When people ________ convey information or provide material to third parties, they cannot have a reasonable expectation of privacy (even if those third parties are best friends) because the third parties could easily turn the information over to authorities. a) voluntarily b) unwilligly c) involuntarily d) easily

a) voluntarily

The second part of the Fourth Amendment, "...no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized" is referred to as the: a) seizure clause b) warrant clause c) probable clause d) reasonableness clause

b) warrant clause

The first part of the Fourth Amendment. "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated..." is referred to as the: a) probable clause b) warrant clause c) reasonableness clause d) procedural clause

c) reasonableness clause

The Fourth Amendment protects which of the following from unreasonable searches and seizures? a) persons b) houses c) papers and effects d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Who are considered government officials within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment? a) uniformed police officers b) fire inspectors c) public school teachers d) all of the above

d) all of the above

According to the Supreme Court, which of the following is the "area to which extends the intimate activity associated with the sanctity of a man's home and the privacies of life? a) open field b) venue c) physical presence d) curtilage

d) curtilage

Which of the following is necessary for the police to engage in actions that trigger the Fourth Amendment? Examples include probable cause and reasonable suspicion. a) authentication b) validation c) standard recognition d) justification

d) justification

If the police activity in question does not involve a person, house, paper, or effect: a) fourth amendment protections still exist b) fourth amendment protections are decided on a case-by-case basis c) no fourth amendment protections exist d) no fourth amendment protections exist

d) no fourth amendment protections exist

This term refers to more than bare suspicion; it exists when "the facts and circumstances within [the officers'] knowledge and of which they [have] reasonably trustworthy information [are] sufficient to warrant a prudent man in believing that the [suspect] had committed or was committing an offense." a) reasonable suspicion b) justification c) administrative justification d) probable cause

d) probable cause

Justification that falls below probable cause but above a hunch is referred to as: a) administrative justification b) justification c) probable cause d) reasonable suspicion

d) reasonable suspicion