Chapter 3 part 2

A patient states that he has basal cell carcinoma and is going to die. When planning the best response to make, the nurse should include what knowledge? 1. Basal cell carcinoma is rarely terminal 2. Without proper medication, it can result in melanoma 3. It is a hereditary disorder caused by decreased melanin 4. Treatment involves strong chemotherapeutic agents .

1. Basal cell carcinoma is rarely terminal

It is important to teach a patient the warning signs of skin cancer . Which characteristic ( s ) of a nevus is a warning sign of skin cancer ? ( Select all that apply . ) 1. Border irregularity 2. Smooth surface 3. Decreasing diameter 4. Mole symmetry 5. Delayed or prolonged lesional healing

1. Border irregularity 5. Delayed or prolonged lesional healing

When testosterone, an androgenic hormone, combines with an enzyme, 5-alpha-reductase, in the hair follicle, Hair production stops.

Androgenetic alopecia

A nurse is teaching a group of young adult clients about health promotion techniques to reduce the risk of skin cancer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen 5 min before sun exposure. Wear a sun visor instead of a hat when outside in the sun. Avoid exposure to the midday sun. Use a tanning booth instead of sunbathing outdoors.

Avoid exposure to the midday sun. The nurse should instruct clients to avoid skin exposure to the sun, especially during the midday hours of 1000 to 1600 because sun rays are the strongest at that time.

You're providing an in-service on skin cancer prevention to a local group of parents and grandparents. One topic you discuss is the identification of melanoma. Select all the characteristics of this type of skin cancer you will educate the participants about: A. Diameter of 8 mm or higher B. Red, purple, and black color C. Dissimilar borders D. Uniform appearance E. Increase in size, shape, color

B C E

A client has small waxy nodules on the face . The nurse knows that this is the presentation of which type of skin cancer ? Basal cell carcinoma Malignant melanoma Actinic keratosis Squamous cell carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma

Two antifungal agents for onychomycosis:

Itraconazole (Sporanox) & terbinafine (Lamisil)

A community health nurse is providing teaching about malignant melanoma to a group of clients. The nurse should inform the group that which of the following traits places a client at risk for developing malignant melanoma? Brown eyes Light skin Black hair Dark skin

Light skin Light skin and less pigmentation place a client at risk for developing malignant melanoma.

A client has multiple moles with irregular edges that vary in color located on their legs , the nurse knows that this description is associated with what type of skin cancer ? Malignant melanoma Squamous cell carcinoma Basal cell carcinoma Actinic keratosis

Malignant melanoma

Antibodies attack and destroy the hair follicle. Characterized by patchy areas of hair loss about the size of a coin

Alopecia areata

Patient education for onychomycosis:

keep the feet clean and dry avoid sharing nail tools Clean cotton socks Alternate shoes wear shoes in public showers

A nurse is caring for a client who has a lesion on the back of his right hand. The client asks the nurse which type of skin cancer is the most serious. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate? Basal cell carcinomas Melanomas Actinic keratoses Squamous cell carcinomas

melanomas

What is Nevi?

moles

Medical term for an ingrown toenail

onychocryptosis

squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

skin cancer that begins in the epidermis but may grow into deeper tissue; does not generally metastasize to other areas of the body. Characteristics: rough, thickened, scaly tumor

4 types of melanoma:

superficial spreading acral lentigenous nodular lentigo

A nurse is planning care for a client who has been admitted for treatment of a malignant melanoma of the upper leg without metastasis. The nurse should plan to prepare the client for which of the following procedures? Curettage External radiation therapy Regional chemotherapy Surgical excision

surgical excision

What is a verruca?

wart

The nurse is interviewing an older adult. Which statement is cause for the greatest concern? 1. "My toenails are tough and thick" 2 "This black mole on my neck is itching" 3 "My hair is thinning and I have a bald spot " 4 "I have a lot of ' age spots ' on my hands "

"This black mole on my neck is itching"

A client who has been receiving external radiation therapy for cancer complains to the nurse that his skin is sore and irritated after treatment. Which response from the nurse is most appropriate? 1️⃣"Wash the area with warm water and pat dry each day" 2️⃣"Expose the irritated area to the sun for a small amount of time each day" 3️⃣"The radiologist will not prescribe a skin cream for irradiated skin" 4️⃣"Wear wool clothing over the radiation site"

1️⃣"Wash the area with warm water and pat dry each day"

A nurse is caring for a client who visits a tanning bed several times each week . The client's skin is brown and has a leathery texture. The nurse provides teaching to the client about tanning bed use , and includes which of the following factors as part of teaching? Select all that apply. 1️⃣There is no safe amount of exposure from a tanning bed 2️⃣The client should only use a tanning bed after applying sunscreen 3️⃣A tanning bed can be used safely if most of the skin is not exposed 4️⃣Wearing sunglasses can protect the eyes when using a tanning bed 5️⃣A tanning bed involves exposure to harmful UV rays

1️⃣There is no safe amount of exposure from a tanning bed 5️⃣A tanning bed involves exposure to harmful UV rays

A client who has been diagnosed with skin cancer has asked the nurse if it is appropriate to go to the beach with family. Which information would be most appropriate for the nurse to teach to protect this client? 1️⃣Wear a hat that covers the scalp for protection 2️⃣Use a sunscreen with a minimum SPF of 20 3️⃣Avoid sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. 4️⃣Apply sunscreen just after going into the sun

3️⃣Avoid sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.

A nurse is working with a client who has been diagnosed with melanoma and is undergoing treatment . Which information should the nurse give to the client about how to be proactive regarding a future occurrence of melanoma ? 1️⃣The client should notify the provider if a fever develops over 101F 2️⃣The client should avoid going outside during the day 3️⃣The client should report any mole or growth that has round borders and smooth edges 4️⃣The client should check the skin at least once a month

4️⃣The client should check the skin at least once a month

A nurse is working with a client who has been diagnosed with melanoma and is undergoing treatment. Which information should the nurse give to the client about how to be proactive regarding a future occurrence of melanoma? 1️⃣The client should avoid going outside during the day 2️⃣The client should notify the provider if a fever develops over 101F 3️⃣The client should report any mole or growth that has round borders and smooth edges 4️⃣The client should check the skin at least once a month

4️⃣The client should check the skin at least once a month

Identify the patients below who are at a HIGH risk for developing skin cancer. Select all that apply: A. A 22-year-old female who reports using a tanning bed three times per week. B. A 55-year-old male with dark skin that reports always wearing sunscreen while outdoors. C. A 35-year-old female with light-colored skin and eyes that reports frequent sunburns as a child. D. A 29-year-old who reports a family history of melanoma.

A C D

Loose, scaly material of dead, keratinized epithelium shed from the scalp in patients who may or may not have Seborrheic dermatitis

Dandruff

technique for transplanting hair bearing scalp from the back and sides of the head into bald ears

Hair grafting

Excessive growth of hair

Hypertrichosis

Excessive loss of hair

Hypotrichosis

A nurse is assessing a client who has a lesion on his skin. Which of the following findings is a clinical manifestation of a malignant melanoma? Rough, dry, scaly lesion Firm nodule with crust Pearly papule with ulcerated center Irregularly shaped lesion with blue tones

Irregularly shaped lesion with blue tones Malignant melanomas are irregularly shaped and can be blue, red, or white in tone. They often occur on the client's upper back and lower legs.

basal cell carcinoma

Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by small waxy nodule with rolled transucent pearly borders.

Fungal dermatophyte infection of the fingernails or toes nails

Onychomycosis

Soft and brittle nails

Paronychia

Fungus that causes dandruff:

Pityrosporum ovale

3 scalp & hair disorders:

Seborrhea Seborrheic dermatitis Dandruff

Red areas covered by yellowish, gray-appearing scales

Seborrheic dermatitis

Hair loss is going to effect patient's:

Self image

The nurse is assessing a client's skin which has ulcerating , rough , thick , scaly bumps on the arms . What cancer diagnosis is this most likely to be ? Basal cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Malignant melanoma Actinic keratosis

Squamous cell carcinoma

Melanoma

The most serious form of skin cancer. There are 4 types.

True or False: Basal and squamous cell carcinoma are both considered nonmelanoma types of skin cancer.

True

This Means baldness:

alopecia

The nurse is educating a group of middle school students on skin cancer prevention . Which of the following statements by a student shows an understanding of learning ? 1️⃣ " The most important thing I can do is avoid direct sunlight exposure " 2️⃣ " I can use a tanning booth to boost immunity to the harsh rays that cause cancer " 3️⃣ "Scrubbing to slough off the dead cells after being in the sun will help reduce my risk of getting skin cancer " 4️⃣ "Sunscreen only helps if it is SPF 100 . Anything below that doesn't help "

1️⃣ "The most important thing I can do is avoid direct sunlight exposure "

You're assessing a patient's understanding about how to prevent skin cancer. Select all the statements that demonstrate the patient understood the education provided to them: A. "I will try to avoid direct sun exposure at 11 am-5pm when the sunrays are the strongest." B. "I will use a broad-spectrum sunscreen that has an SPF of 15 or higher." C. "I will limit my tanning bed usage to two times per week." D. "It is very important I wear a hat, sunglasses, and long-sleeves to avoid too much sun exposure."

B D