chapter 3 questions
Changes in behavior and cognitive processes over time are studied by ________.
evolutionary psychologists
The effects of neurotransmitters tend to be ________, whereas the effects of hormones tend to be ________.
fast; long lasting
________ is the differences between hemispheres in the areas underlying language function.
lateralization
Which of the following areas is located in the frontal lobe of the brain?
Broca's area
________ is the electrical signal that typically moves from the cell body down the axon to the axon terminals.
action potential
The ________ is involved in our experience of emotion and tying emotional meaning to our memories.
amygdala
Which of the following is not a hindbrain structure?
amygdala
Which type of chemical messenger do the male gonads secrete?
androgens
The two major divisions of the nervous system are the ________ and ________.
central; peripheral nervous systems
Which one of the following processes does not occur to excess neurotransmitters in the synapse?
collection by scavenger vesicles left over from the neurotransmitter release
________ is a neurotransmitter involved in mood, reward, addiction, and motor behavior.
dopamine
________ is a technique often used in studies investigating sleep patterns. Researchers place electrodes at various locations on a person's head in order to record brainwaves.
electroencephalography (EEG)
The theory of ________ states that organisms that are better suited for their environment will survive and reproduce, while those that are poorly suited for their environment will die off.
evolution by natural selection
Broca's area is located in which lobe of the brain?
frontal
Parsons et al. are doing a study comparing differences in brain activity levels between patients with schizophrenia and controls with no psychological disorders. Their hypothesis requires a high level of detail and good detection of differences over time. Which of the following is the best brain imaging technique to use?
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
The endocrine system consists of a series of glands that produce chemical substances known as ________.
hormones
Elaina has been diagnosed with a small brain tumor. She first went to see her doctor after experiencing symptoms such as feeling very cold, almost fainting, a reduced appetite, and reduced sexual desire. Which of the following structures is her tumor most likely affecting?
hypothalamus
In a resting state, sodium (Na+) is at a higher concentration outside the cell and potassium (K+) is more concentrated inside the cell. During an action potential, the sodium levels ________ inside the cell.
increase
The ________ is the deep groove that separates the brain into two halves.
longitudinal fissure
Which of the following is not a forebrain structure?
pons
The central nervous system consists of the brain and the ________.
spinal cord
Jeremy has Parkinson's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects motor skills. In addition to motor symptoms, Jeremy has noticed changes in his mood, and he feels the need to smoke more cigarettes than he used to. It is likely that Jeremy's ________ is producing less ________ than it needs to.
substantia nigra; dopamine
The space between two neurons is called the ________.
synapse
Considerable debate occurs regarding the use of anabolic steroid drugs like ________ in professional athletes and bodybuilders.
testosterone
Studying close relatives allows behavioral geneticists to determine ________.
the relative contributions of genes and environment in a population
________ is a midbrain structure critical to movement.
the ventral tegmental area
A particular electrical signal being transmitted to a neuron is sufficient to generate an action potential. If the magnitude of the incoming electrical signal is doubled, the action potential will ________.
undergo no changes in strength, speed, or duration
