Chapter 3-Stress Managment

psychogenic

A physical disease caused by emotional stress without a microorganism involved.

autoimmune response

A physiological response in which the body turns on itself.

somatogenic

A psychosomatic disease that results from the mind increasing the body's susceptibility to disease-causing microbes or natural degenerative processes.

cerebral hemorrhage

A rupture of a blood vessel in the brain.

B cells

A type of lymphocyte that produces antibodies.

T cells

A type of lymphocyte whose purpose is to destroy substances foreign to the body by puncturing invaded body cells and killing the cells and the foreign substances.

phagocytes

A type of white blood cell whose purpose is to destroy substances foreign to the body.

sphygmomanometer

An instrument used to measure blood pressure.

Lymphocytes: Part 2

B cells Suppressor T cells Memory T and Memory B cells

130-159 mg/dL

Borderline high

200-239 mg/dL

Borderline high

carcinogens

Cancer-causing agents.

memory T and B cells

Cells left in the bloodstream and the lymphatic system to recognize and respond to future attacks to the body by the same invader.

suppressor T cells

Cells whose purpose is to halt the immune response.

atherosclerosis

Clogging of the coronary arteries.

psychosomatic

Conditions that have both a mind and body component.

60 mg/dL and above

Considered protective against heart disease

plaque

Debris that clogs coronary arteries.

Less than 200 mg/dL

Desirable

160-189 mg/dL

High

240 mg/dL and above

High

Hypercholesterolemia

High levels of cholesterol in the blood.

essential hypertension

Hypertension with no known cause.

arteriosclerosis

Loss of elasticity of the coronary arteries.

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

Sometimes termed bad cholesterol, too much LDL leads to a clogging of the arteries and, therefore, is related to the development of coronary heart disease.

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

Sometimes termed good cholesterol, HDL helps to remove cholesterol from the body thereby lowering the chances of developing coronary heart disease.

antibodies

Substances produced by the body to fight antigens.

psychophysiological

Synonymous with psychosomatic.

Lymphocytes: Part 1

T cells Helper T cells Killer T cells

prodrome

The constriction phase of a migraine headache; also called preattack.

40-59 mg/dL

The higher, the better

temporomandibular joint (TMJ) syndrome

The interference with the smooth functioning of the jaw.

diastolic blood pressure

The pressure of the blood against the arterial walls when the heart is relaxed.

systolic blood pressure

The pressure of the blood as it leaves the heart.

psychoneuroimmunology

The study of the illness-causing and healing effects of the mind on the body.

190 mg/dL and above

Very high

myocardial infarction

When a part of the heart dies because of a lack of oxygen.

Stress increases

blood pressure and serum cholesterol, so it is no surprise that studies have found it associated with hypertension, stroke, and coronary heart disease.

Stress decreases the

effectiveness of the immunological system by decreasing the number of T-lymphocytes.

Somatogenic psychosomatic disease occurs when the

mind increases the body's susceptibility to disease-causing microbes or a natural degenerative process.

B cells

produce antibodies that neutralize the invading substance or tag it for attack by other cells

Helper T cells:

stimulate the production of killer T cells and B cells

Phagocytes

surround and engulf invading substances and summon helper T cells

A less effective immunological system is

suspected of resulting in allergic reactions, asthma attacks, and even cancer.

Suppressor T cells:

halt the immune response when the invasion becomes contained

Part 2

hay fever, rheumatoid arthritis, backache, TMJ syndrome, and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Stress-related diseases include

hypertension, stroke, coronary heart disease, ulcers, migraine headaches, tension headaches, cancer, allergies, asthma,

T cells:

identify the invading substance and destroy it

Stress results in

increased muscle tension and bracing. It is this phenomenon that is thought to be the cause of tension headaches, backaches, and neck and shoulder pain.

There is no invasion of disease-causing microorganisms;

invasion of disease-causing microorganisms

Killer T cells:

puncture membrane of invaded body cells; kill cells and the invader

it is a

real disease

Memory T and Memory B cells:

remain in the bloodstream and lymphatic system to respond quickly to future attacks by the invading substance

the mind changes the physiology so that parts of

the body break down.

Psychosomatic disease involves

the mind and the body

100-129 mg/dL

Near optimal/above optimal

Less than 100 mg/dL

Optimal

preattack

Synonymous with prodrome.

Psychogenic psychosomatic disease is

a physical disease caused by emotional stress.

not

"just in the mind."

Type A

A behavior pattern associated with the development of coronary heart disease.

rheumatoid factor

A blood protein associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

antigen

A foreign substance irritating to the body.

apoplexy (stroke)

A lack of oxygen to the brain resulting from a blockage or rupture of a blood vessel; also called stroke.

Less than 40 mg/dL

A major risk factor for heart disease

T-lymphocytes

A part of the immune system that destroys mutant cells.