Chapter 3. The Age of Exploration
Why did Christopher Columbus want to sail west from Europe?
To find a sea route to Asia
Who started a school to teach navigation
Prince Henry of Portugal
What does Renaissance mean?
Rebirth
Which ocean did Columbus set sail in 1492, and in what direction?
Sailed West on the Atlantic Ocean
What is technology?
Scientific knowledge and tools
What is the definition of Isthmus?
A strip of land that connects two large land areas
What is a compass?
A tool for finding directions
Who was Marco Polo?
An explorer
What two Oceans did explorers cross when they sailed west from Europe to Asia ?
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
Who invented gun powder and a compass?
Chinese inventors
What were the main goals of all the explorers?
Claim new land, discover riches, expand their power, convert American Indians to Christianity
What kinds of new technology enabled Europeans to explore the world
Compasses, and astrolabes
What did Columbus discover in 1492 and thought he found India
Cuba
Who completed the first voyage around the world in 1522?
Ferdinand Magellan
Who was the first European to cross the Pacific Ocean and reach Asia?
Ferdinand Magellan
How did the European benefit from the voyages?
Find new sea routes, trade goods to become rich...
Who claimed for Spain the southwestern lands of the United States?
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
Why did Christopher Columbus need to think like an entrepreneur ?
He had to organize and run his expeditions and persuade others to pay for his journeys
What did Christopher Columbus promise the monarchs if they paid for his journey?
He promised great wealth, new land, and to take the Catholic religion to the people of Asia
Where did Jacques Cartier explore on his first voyage?
He reached the mouth of St. Lawrence River and claimed the land for France
What was the aim of King Henry Vll when he paid for Caboto's expedition?
His aim was for Caboto to help England compete for land and wealth.
Which river is named after an English explorer?
Hudson River, named after Henry Hudson
What year did Giovanni Caboto reach Newfoundland?
In 1497
Who developed a printing press in the 1450s?
Johannes Gutenberg
Who explored what is now known as the state of Florida?
Juan Ponce de Leon
What is the science of planning and following a route?
Navigation
What year did Christopher Columbus land on the island he called San Salvador
October 12,1492
What were the causes of European expeditions across the Atlantic Ocean?
People would die of hunger and illness
What two countries divided the Americas?
Portugal and Spain
What expenses did the Europeans face for such expeditions?
Ships, crew members...
What were the advantages of sailing West to Asia?
The discovery of new land
What obstacles did Columbus and his crew face?
They faced Fierce storms that battered their ships,and when there was no wind they sometimes drifted for days
What struggles did explorers encounter?
They had little knowledge of geography, needed better tools to navigate...
What obstacles prevented Europeans from sailing to Asia?
They had no maps and lacked the technology they needed for such a long trip
How did Spain and Portugal divide lands in the Americas?
They signed a Treaty called The Treaty of Tordellas in 1492 which agreed to move the dividing line further west. This change gave Portugal the land to become part of Brazil
Why did Europeans begin to look for a sea route to Asia?
They wanted a faster and easier sea route to Asia so they can trade goods.
Why were European merchants interested in Asia?
They wanted to buy and then resell Asian goods such as silks and spices
Why did Europeans explore the Americas and what did they find?
They wanted to claim new land, discover riches, expand their power, and to find Asia
What country sponsored Columbus's expedition across the Atlantic Ocean?
Spain
How did the relative location of what is now Brazil affects Portugals claims in the Americas?
Spain lost Brazil and Portugal gained more land allowing them to become part of Brazil
Who did Christopher Columbus persuade to pay for his journey to Asia?
Spain's monarchs, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
What area is known as New Spain?
Spanish lands in what are today Mexico, the southwestern United States, and Florida
Among which group in Mexico did Cortes find wealth?
The Aztec
Who did Henry Hudson claim the Hudson River valley for?
The Dutch rulers of Holland
Europeans entered into a new age of learning, science, and art in the 1400s called?
The Renaissance
Which was one of the most popular books during the Renaissance?
The Travels of Marco Polo
What was Ponce de Leon searching for when he reached Florida?
the island of Bimini
What lands did Francisco Vasquez de Coronado and his men explore?
the lands in what is now the southwestern United States
What part of what is now the United States did Hernando de Soto claim?
the southern half