Chapter 3
Where did converted Indians live?
"praying town"
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A governor could veto laws, regulate land grants, and command the local army, called the militia.
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As the colonies grew, relationships with the Native Americans became a bigger problem.
Why was farming NOT the primary source of profit in the New England colonies?
Because of the area's geography and climate, most farmers harvested only enough to get by.
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By the late 1700s, German immigrants composed nearly 1/3 of Pennsylvania's population.
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Daniel Boone helped to open up the lands of Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee.
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English parliament made it illegal to settle beyond the Appalachians in 1763.
What was the most important reason for evangelizing the Indians?
Genuine concern for the Indian's souls.
Why did plantations develop in the southern colonies?
Greater profits could be attained by growing crops in large fields tended by cheap labor.
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In New England, the township formed the basic unit of government.
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John Eliot was a puritan minister; he learned Algonquin, printed the New Testament in Algonquin in 1661, printed the Bible in Algonquin in 1663, and it was the first Bible in any language to printed in America.
What caused Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia?
Native Americans attacked Virginia colonists.
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Only free, adult, property-owning white men who were church members could vote.
What was the drawback to the plantation system?
Plantations required slaves.
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Regardless of the type of colony, the Crown allowed each to choose its own elected assembly, or legislature.
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Rice was raised in the tidewater, especially in Georgia and the Carolinas.
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Section 1
Section 2
Section 2
Section 3
Section 3
Section 4
Section 4
What was the result of King Phillip's War for the Indian's way of life?
So many Native Americans died in the war that they were not able to mantain their land or their way of life.
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Some colonies had poll taxes.
Why did southern planters come to rely on slave labor?
Southern planters needed cheap labor because the South based its economy on cash crops. Large numbers of workers increased the amount of land that could be planted and harvested by a single planter. (profit)
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The African's miserable journey to the New World was called the Middle Passage.
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The English immigrants came from various regions of England. The Puritans originated from a place called East Anglia, and nearly all of them ended up in New England.
Name the three largest ethnic groups that migrated to the colonies.
The English, the Germans, and the Scots-Irish
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The Native Americans didn't believe in land ownership.
After what war did the Puritans begin practicing slavery?
The Pequot War
What group of people was most active in being missionaries to the Indians?
The Puritans
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The Quakers were from the midlands, and they settled in Pennsylvania, Delaware, and New Jersey.
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The Scots-Irish made up the second largest group of immigrants.
What are the benefits of America's cultural diversity? What are the drawbacks?
The arrival of so many new people with a variety of skills naturally led to growth in America. The drawback was that resentment between different people might form (think of hate groups).
Why was the town meeting considered the purest form of democracy in America?
The average citizen had his or her own say in a town meeting, rather than relying on an elected representative to speak for him.
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The colonists paid for their governments by paying taxes.
Other than following the wilderness trails into the mountains, how did settlers move west?
The followed the rivers inland.
What official was in charge of holding court in the colonies?
The justice of the peace
What prevented colonial governors from becoming too powerful?
The legislature had the "power of the purse."
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The main tax was property tax.
Which region of the colonies was the most diverse?
The middle colonies
What two geographic characteristics were advantages to the middle colonies?
The middle colonies had many navigable rivers and had thick, rich soil.
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The settlers often used conestoga wagons to travel with and hold and transport their belongings.
The colonists believed their way of life was threatened by the Native Americans. They chose to deal with this threat by warfare. What other options could they have pursued?
They could have chosen to evangelize and "Europeanize" the Native Americans.
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Tobacco was the first major money crop in the South.
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Violence characterized life on the frontier.
What was the primary food crop?
corn
What was the occupation of most colonists? Why was this so important to colonial society?
farmers, Even colonists who weren't farmers had to depend on locally grown food.
What three occupations provided the main sources of income for the New England colonists?
fishing, shipbuilding, whaling
In the triangular trade, what did England send to the colonies?
manufactured goods
What term describes the type of population growth NOT caused by immigration?
natural increase
List the three types of colonies and tell who had the authority to establish a government for each type.
royal - the King, charter - the people elected their leaders. proprietary - the proprietar or his heirs
What was the nickname of the middle colonies? How did they get this name?
the bread colonies, Settlers often grew cereal grains such as corn, oats, barley, and wheat.
List three major money crops in the southern colonies.
tobacco, rice, and indigo