Chapter 33 Part 2

True or False: The same military strategies forced both Germany and Japan to surrender. True False

False

Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill declared a policy of unconditional surrender for their enemies at the a. Moscow Conference. b. Tehran Conference. c. Casablanca Conference. d. Potsdam Conference.

c. Casablanca Conference.

The first "Big Three" conference during World War II was the a. Potsdam Conference b. Dresden Conference c. Tehran Conference. d. Moscow Conference.

c. Tehran Conference.

American participation in the Second World War had which of the following major effects on the home front? a. The growth of isolationism in the Midwest b. The growth of isolationism in the Midwest c. The breakdown of racial segregation in the South d. A movement of women into factory work e. A decline in farm income

d. A movement of women into factory work

Why did Republicans nominate Senator John Bricker for the vice presidency in 1944? a. He had gained popularity as the governor of New York. b. He was known as the party's "indispensable man." c. He had served as vice president under a previous administration. d. He offset their presidential candidate's internationalism. e. He recently attained national visibility as the chairman of a Senate committee.

d. He offset their presidential candidate's internationalism.

Atomic bombs were dropped during World War II on a. Tokyo and Nagasaki. b. Sendai and Saitama. c. Fukuoka and Kyoto. d. Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

d. Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Which of the following statements about the Manhattan Project is most accurate? a. It was a secret plan to conquer Japan. b. It led to the formation of an international peacekeeping organization. c. It was the committee which helped organize American efforts in WW2 d. It led to the development of the atomic bomb.

d. It led to the development of the atomic bomb.

The bracero program encouraged a. Congress to enact more restrictive immigration laws in the 1990s b. the United States media to broadcast Latino music and movies in the 1980s c. Latino immigrants to pursue United States citizenship d. Mexican workers to come to the United States as temporary laborers from the 1940s to the 1960s e. federal courts to protect the civil rights of Mexican Americans in the 1960s

d. Mexican workers to come to the United States as temporary laborers from the 1940s to the 1960s

All of the following were true of the Normandy invasion except: a. After desperate fighting, the invaders failed to break out of the German iron ring that enclosed the Normandy landing zone. b. Stiff resistance was encountered from the Germans, who had been misled by a feint into expecting the blow to fall farther north. c. The invasion involved 4,600 vessels. d. French Normandy was less heavily defended than other parts of the European coast, and therefore was pinpointed for the invasion assault. e. The Allies were able to break through the Normandy landing zone and liberate Paris in August.

a. After desperate fighting, the invaders failed to break out of the German iron ring that enclosed the Normandy landing zone.

On June 6, 1944, the Allies launched their invasion at Normandy to open another front in the war. Review your understanding of the military situation on D-Day by identifying which of these locations was controlled by Axis powers when the Allies invaded Normandy? a. France b. North Africa c. Southern Italy

a. France

Which of the following enabled Harry Truman to win the Democratic vice-presidential nomination in 1944? a. He had received national attention as an efficient chairman of a Senate committee. b. He was believed to be a committed isolationist. c. Franklin Roosevelt relied on him as one of his most trusted economic advisors.

a. He had received national attention as an efficient chairman of a Senate committee.

Why was the American conquest of Guam and other islands in the Marianas in 1944 especially important? a. It made possible round-the-clock bombing of Japan from land bases. b. It ended the Japanese occupation of Australia. c. It paved the way for the American reconquest of the Philippines. d. It indicated that the Japanese would surrender without an invasion of the home island. e. It halted the Japanese advance in the Pacific.

a. It made possible round-the-clock bombing of Japan from land bases.

Question 10 Which of the following was a common experience on the United States home front during the Second World War? a. Rationing of basic consumer goods b. The belief that society could simultaneously pay for both its war effort and its social- welfare legislation c. Government attempts to misinform the public about the war's death toll d. Highly publicized trials of suspected communists e. Frequent antiwar protests

a. Rationing of basic consumer goods

Why did some people harshly criticize the Allied policy of unconditional surrender? a. They believed it would encourage fanatical resistance and inhibit other Germans and Japanese from seeking peace. b. They believed that the policy would be impossible to implement without modifications. c. They thought that the Nazis could stay in power if they agreed to give up their conquests. d. They preferred a policy of detente. e. They believed that there were peace-loving elements within the German and Japanese governments.

a. They believed it would encourage fanatical resistance and inhibit other Germans and Japanese from seeking peace.

Which of the following was Harry Truman's stated reason for authorizing the use of the atomic bomb against Japan? a. Using the atomic bomb would prevent the need for a costly invasion of Japan. b. Dropping the atomic bomb would demonstrate United States military capability to the Soviets. c. The development of the atomic bomb had been expensive. d. The United States should retaliate in response to Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. e. An earlier United States land assault against Japan had been unsuccessful.

a. Using the atomic bomb would prevent the need for a costly invasion of Japan.

Base your answer to the next question on the following passage and your knowledge of social studies. "We are united in determination that this war shall not be followed by another interim which leads to new disaster -- that we shall not repeat the tragic errors of ostrich isolationism -- that we shall not repeat the excesses of the wild twenties when this Nation went for a joy ride on a roller coaster which ended in a tragic crash." -1944, FDR State of the Union Address Which of the following events in American history was FDR referring to when he mentioned "ostrich isolationism"? a. WWI b. The Spanish Civil War c. WWII d. The Spanish-American War

a. WWI

The United Nations was established in principle in an agreement at a. Yalta. b. Casablanca. c. Potsdam. d. Tehran.

a. Yalta.

"In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. "The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. "The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. "The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. "The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world." President Franklin D. Roosevelt, State of the Union address, January 1941 Roosevelt's speech was most likely intended to increase public support for a. aiding the Allies in Europe during the Second World War b. enhancing rights protected by the United States Constitution c. extending New Deal programs to guarantee unemployment benefits d. integrating the United States armed forces

a. aiding the Allies in Europe during the Second World Wa

Which of the following was Hitler's last-ditch attempt to achieve a victory against the Americans and British? a. The attempt to assassinate Churchill and Roosevelt b. The Battle of the Bulge c. The final U-boat campaign against the American navy d. The attempt to arrange a negotiated peace with Stalin e. he Battle of the Rhineland

b. The Battle of the Bulge

Besides his record of military success, Franklin Roosevelt's victory in 1944 relied heavily on assistance from whom? a. Blacks b. The CIO and other elements or organized labor c. A majority of newspaper owners d. Liberal Republicans e. Pro-Communist popular front liberals

b. The CIO and other elements or organized labor

The Yalta Conference featured all of the following EXCEPT a. U.S., France, Great Britain, Russia, and China would be permanent members of the Security Council. b. the Soviet Union would control Poland. c. Germany would be divided into occupation zones. d. a conference in world organization to meet in the U.S..

b. the Soviet Union would control Poland.

Which of the following best describes the experience of Americans of Japanese descent during the Second World War? a. The Supreme Court intervened to protect them from wartime hysteria. b. They were forced to take loyalty oaths along with Americans of Italian and German descent. c. They were forced from their homes and businesses on the West Coast into detention camps. d. The Department of the Army repatriated them forcibly to Japan. e. They were expelled from Hawaii and California.

c. They were forced from their homes and businesses on the West Coast into detention camps.

All of the following have been cited as reasons for the dropping of atomic bombs on Japan in 1945 EXCEPT the need to a. demonstrate American superiority in weaponry to the Soviet Union b. save American lives c. block a planned Japanese invasion of the United States d. force the unconditional surrender of Japan e. keep the Soviet Union out of the war against Japan

c. block a planned Japanese invasion of the United States

What was the most significant development in the Democratic convention of 1944? a. The issue of civil rights came to the fore as the dominant concern of the party. b. Roosevelt's appearance at the convention revealed how physically frail he was. c. There was growing resistance to Roosevelt's pursuit of a fourth term. d. Roosevelt's third-term vice president, Henry Wallace, was dumped in favor of Missouri Senator Harry S. Truman. e. Party leaders developed a campaign that downplayed the New Deal's success.

d. Roosevelt's third-term vice president, Henry Wallace, was dumped in favor of Missouri Senator Harry S. Truman.

What was the major battle at which the Soviet Union finally halted the German invasion of its territory? a. The Battle of Ukraine b. The Battle of the Bulge c. The Battle of Moscow d. The Battle of Stalingrad e. The Battle of Warsaw

d. The Battle of Stalingrad

Base your answer to the next question on the following passage and your knowledge of social studies. "We are united in determination that this war shall not be followed by another interim which leads to new disaster -- that we shall not repeat the tragic errors of ostrich isolationism -- that we shall not repeat the excesses of the wild twenties when this Nation went for a joy ride on a roller coaster which ended in a tragic crash." -1944, FDR State of the Union Address. What is the "joy ride" which FDR is referring to in line 3? a. The moral lawlessness of the 1920's brought about by Prohibition-era crime. b. The economic collapse of the United States stock market which led to a dramatic increase in crime. c. The stock market crash of 1929. d. The economic excess of the "roaring 20's" which many argue led to the Great Depression.

d. The economic excess of the "roaring 20's" which many argue led to the Great Depression.

The American home front in the Second World War is best described as a. demoralized by food shortages b. unaffected by ethnic and racial tensions c. politically divided over the wisdom of the American war effort d. economically invigorated by military spending e. rededicated to the reform efforts of the New Deal

d. economically invigorated by military spending

Base your answer to the next question on the following passage and your knowledge of social studies. "We are united in determination that this war shall not be followed by another interim which leads to new disaster -- that we shall not repeat the tragic errors of ostrich isolationism -- that we shall not repeat the excesses of the wild twenties when this Nation went for a joy ride on a roller coaster which ended in a tragic crash." -1944, FDR State of the Union Address. What does FDR mean when he says "another interim which leads to disaster"? a. He is referring to the dramatic increase in military spending among European nations which led to the Second World War. b. He is referring to the Interwar Period in which Germany, Italy, and Japan saw the rise of nationalism, militarism, and imperialism which brought about WWII. c. He is referring to the fall of the Russian Empire to Communism in 1917. d. He is referring to the inability of the Congress of Vienna to resolve the disputes in Europe before the outbreak of WWII.

d. The economic excess of the "roaring 20's" which many argue led to the Great Depression.

During World War II, what did the term "over the hump" refer to? a. Viewing the wreckage of Pearl Harbor over the volcanoes of Hawaii. b. Leapfrogging across high volcanic Pacific islands in order to attack low-lying atolls held by the Japanese. c. Finally turning the tide against the advancing Japanese and Germans. d. Delivering weapons and supplies across the Rockies on the Alcan Highway to Alaska. e. Flying American supplies from Burma over the Himalayan Mountains to Chiang Kai-shek's forces in China.

e. Flying American supplies from Burma over the Himalayan Mountains to Chiang Kai-shek's forces in China.

Japanese-Americans living on the West Coast of the United States in early 1942 were sent to internment camps on the alleged grounds that they a. were instrumental in arranging the attack on Pearl Harbor b. wished to return to Japan in great numbers c. refused to take a loyalty oath d. worked with German and Italian groups to weaken American resolve e. were a potential threat to the security of the United States

e. were a potential threat to the security of the United States