Chapter 33 Sleep Quiz questions

At which age is a patient most likely to have nocturnal emissions?

Adolescent

Which substances may produce insomnia if consumed in the evening? Select all that apply.

Alcohol Nicotine Caffeine

The nurse is caring for a patient who reports chronic insomnia. Which drug does the nurse expect to be prescribed to the patient?

Eszopiclone (Lunesta) Insomnia for a month or longer is known as chronic insomnia. Eszopiclone (Lunesta) is useful for the long-term treatment of insomnia. Zaleplon (Sonata) and zolpidem (Ambien) are short-term medications that are useful in inducing sleep. Modafinil (Provigil) is useful in treating narcolepsy.

The nurse is gathering a sleep history from a patient who is being evaluated for obstructive sleep apnea. Which common symptoms does the patient most likely report? Select all that apply.

Headache Snoring Excessive daytime sleepiness

Which psychological symptoms may be found in a patient who has sleep deprivation? Select all that apply.

Irritability Disorientation Difficulty concentrating

The nurse is assessing a patient who has sleep apnea. Which symptoms are likely to be found in the patient? Select all that apply.

Loud snoring Pulmonary hypertension Cardiac arrhythmias

Which aspect of care should be included when teaching a patient with narcolepsy?

Recommendation to take daytime naps

Which symptoms are likely to be found in a patient who has obstructive sleep apnea? Select all that apply.

Snoring Drowsiness Morning headaches

A patient reports difficulty sleeping. Which measures does the nurse suggest to promote sleep in the patient? Select all that apply.

Void before going to sleep. Use extra blankets if necessary. Wear soft cotton nightclothes Consumption of a heavy meal at night should be avoided because it may cause indigestion and sleep disturbances.

The nurse is attending to a patient diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The nurse teaches the patient about possible lifestyle changes that are required to prevent complications. Which instructions could be useful for improving the patient's sleep? Select all that apply.

Stop smoking. Engage in exercises. Follow a restricted-calorie die

A patient reports difficulty falling asleep. The nurse asks questions to assess the symptoms of insomnia and analyzes the different stages of the patient's sleep cycle. What are the characteristics of stage 2 of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep? Select all that apply.

Body functions become slow. Arousal remains relatively easy. Muscles relaxation increases In stage 2 of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, the body functions become slow. The sleeper can be easily aroused in this stage. The muscles continue to relax. A person may sleepwalk during stage 4 of NREM sleep. Also during stage 4, the vital signs are lower than they are during waking hours.

he nurse is caring for a patient with narcolepsy. Which medication does the nurse expect to be prescribed to the patient?

Modafinil (Provigil)

A nurse is caring for a patient with hyperthyroidism. What is the nurse likely to observe in the patient?

Difficulty falling asleep Hyperthyroidism is characterized by increased levels of thyroxine hormones. Due to the hormonal imbalance, hyperthyroidism affects the sleep cycle of the patient. As a result, the patient takes more time to fall asleep. Fatigue, chest pain, and sleepwalking are not associated with hyperthyroidis

The school nurse is teaching health-promoting behaviors that improve sleep to a group of high school students. Which points should be included in the education? Select all that apply.

Do not study in your bed. Turn off your cell phone at bedtime Avoid drinking coffee or soda before bedtime

In which stage of the sleep cycle does enuresis occur?

Stage 4 of nonrapid eye movement Nonrapid eye movement sleep has four stages. Enuresis occurs in stage 4 of nonrapid eye movement of the sleep cycle. Stage 4 lasts for approximately 15 to 30 minutes. It is the deepest stage of sleep. Enuresis does not occur in stages 1, 2, or

A patient reports difficulty falling asleep. Which questions should the nurse ask to assess the patient's insomnia? Select all that apply.

How easily do you fall asleep?" "What causes you to awaken early?" "What do you think of when you try to fall asleep?"

A 47-year-old man complains of sleep deprivation. What findings should the nurse expect on assessment? Select all that apply.

Increased sensitivity to pain Fatigue Decreased neuromuscular coordination

Which condition can be diagnosed with multiple sleep latency tests?

Narcolepsy is the lack of control over sleep and prolonged uncontrollable sleep. The multiple sleep latency test monitors brain waves, heartbeat, and eye movement during several 20-minute naps over the course of a day and is used for patients in whom narcolepsy is suspected. Bruxism is diagnosed by observing dental abnormalities such as broken teeth, teeth alignment, and tenderness of the jaw muscles. Polysomnography is used to diagnose somnambulism and obstructive sleep apnea.

In which stage of the sleep cycle does enuresis occur?

Stage 4 of nonrapid eye movement Nonrapid eye movement sleep has four stages. Enuresis occurs in stage 4 of nonrapid eye movement of the sleep cycle. Stage 4 lasts for approximately 15 to 30 minutes. It is the deepest stage of sleep. Enuresis does not occur in stages 1, 2, or 3.

The nurse is attending to a patient diagnosed with restless legs syndrome (RLS). What are the characteristics of this syndrome? Select all that apply.

Patients have intense, abnormal, lower-extremity sensations of crawling or tingling feelings Patients have intense, abnormal, lower-extremity sensations of crawling or tingling feelings

A patient is diagnosed with narcolepsy. Which class of drugs does the nurse anticipate will be in the patient's treatment plan to prevent sleep attacks?

Stimulants

The nurse is attending to a patient diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The nurse teaches the patient about possible lifestyle changes that are required to prevent complications. Which instructions could be useful for improving the patient's sleep? Select all that apply.

Stop smoking. Engage in exercises. Follow a restricted-calorie diet.

The nurse is learning about various stages of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. One particular stage of NREM lasts for 15 to 30 minutes. It is the deepest stage of sleep, and it is very difficult to arouse the sleeper from this stage. The vital signs are lower than normal waking hours. Which stage of NREM sleep is the nurse referring to?

The stage 4 of NREM sleep is the deepest stage and lasts for 15 to 30 minutes. The stage is characterized by lowering of vital signs. It may be difficult to arouse the sleeper from this stage.

Which nursing measure best promotes sleep in a school-age child?

Use quiet activities consistently before bedtime

The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing sleep disturbances. Which nursing interventions may promote sleep in the patient? Select all that apply.

Provide a backrub to the patient to promote comfort. Encourage the patient to drink a warm glass of milk before going to bed Instruct the patient to eat a piece of toast or crackers before going to bed Giving the patient a backrub promotes relaxation, decreases pain, stimulates the immune system, and helps to improve sleep patterns. Milk is rich in tryptophan, which stimulates the release of serotonin and promotes sleep. Toast and crackers contain complex carbohydrates, which promote sleep. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) induces sleep, but a high dose may develop tolerance and lead to insomnia. Physical activity promotes sleep, but performing exercise 2 hours before sleep may hinder sleep and should therefore be avoided.

A patient complains that he falls asleep uncontrollably at inappropriate times and has vivid dreams during such times. Which advice should the nurse give to the patient to manage this condition? Select all that apply.

Regular exercise routine Daytime naps Regular sleep routine

The nurse is caring for a patient who has restless leg syndrome. Which medication does the nurse expect in the patient's prescription

Ropinirole (Requip) Restless leg syndrome is a neurologic disorder characterized by tingling and crawling sensations in the legs and an urge to move them. This sensation is uncomfortable and disturbs sleep. Ropinirole (Requip) restores the imbalance in the dopamine levels in the brain; it may improve sleep by decreasing these unpleasant feelings in the legs. Zaleplon (Sonata) is a short-term medication for insomnia. Modafinil (Provigil) is useful in treating narcolepsy. Eszopiclone (Lunesta) is useful for the long-term treatment of insomnia.

Which of these are included under secondary sleep disorders? Select all that apply.

Fear Anxiety Depression A secondary sleep disorder is a condition in which sleep is hindered due to an underlying medical condition or medication taken by the individual. Mental problems such as fear, anxiety, and depression cause sleep-wake cycle disturbances and are included in the secondary sleep disorders. In primary sleep disorders, the sleep-wake cycle is altered due to endogenous disturbances such as hormonal imbalance. Dysomnia and parasomnia are the primary sleep disorders. Jeg lag is a dysomnia in which the circadian rhythms are altered due to changed time zones. Sleep terror is a parasomnia in which a person wakes suddenly in a terrified state from deep sleep.

What are the withdrawal symptoms of barbiturate sedative-hypnotics? Select all that apply.

Tremors Increased pulse rate Restlessness Withdrawal symptoms occur upon the abrupt cessation of drugs after prolonged use. Barbiturate sedative-hypnotics that are used to reduce anxiety can cause physical and psychological dependence and result in withdrawal symptoms. Barbiturates bind to the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor site and show indirect agonist action on these receptors. This may be responsible for the occurrence of tremors upon withdrawal. Barbiturate sedative-hypnotics may also cause central nervous system stimulation and hyperadrenergic activity upon withdrawal. Thus, it may cause restlessness and increase the patient's pulse rate. Skin irritation and claustrophobia sensations are side effects of continuous positive airway pressure, which is used to treat obstructive sleep apnea.