Chapter 3,4,5 Test AP Bio
How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is 11 monomers long.
10
One liter of a solution of pH 2 has how many more hydrogen ions (H+) than 1 L of a solution of pH 6?
10,000 times more
How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?
4
If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would the percentage of guanine be?
40%
You have a freshly prepared .1 M solution of glucose in water. Each liter of this solution contains how many glucose molecules?
6.02 x 10^23
What is the structure in model 5.4
A steriod
Which bonds are created during the formation of the primary structure of a protein?
Peptide bonds
At which level of protein structure are interactions between the side chains (R- groups) most important?
Tertiary
An example of a hydrogen bond is the bond between
The H of one water molecule and the O of another water molecule
Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?
The majority of their bonds are non polar covalent carbon to hydrogen linkages
Which of the following statements s false for the class of biological molecules known as lipids?
They are soluble in water
Which of the following statements correctly describes geometric isomers?
They have variations in arrangement around a double bond.
Shown here in figure 4.2 are the structures of Fructose and glucose. The two molecules differ in the
arrangement of the hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms
Which of the following is not a polymer
glucose
The difference between the sugar in DNA and the sugar in RNA is that the sugar in DNA
has one less oxygen
Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are
non-polar substances that repel water molecules
Which type of bond must be broken for water to vaporize?
Hydrogen Bonds
Which type of interaction stabilizes the alpha helix and beta pleated sheet structures of protein?
Hydrogen bonds
Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?
C2H4
How many grams of acetic acid (C2H4O2) would you use to make 10 L of a .1 M aqueous solution of acetic acid? C=12 H=1 O=16
60.0 g
Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?
A and B are correct. Dehydration reactions assemble polymers and hydrolysis reactions break down polymers
Which is the best description of a carbonyl group?
A carbon atom joined to an oxygen by a double covalent bond
The slight negative charge at one end of one water molecule is attracted to the slight positive end of another water molecule. What is this attraction called?
A hydrogen bond
Large organic molecules are usually assembled by polymerization of a few kinds of simple subunits. Which of the following is and exception to this statement.
A steriod
A solution contains .0000001 (10^-7) moles of hydroxyl ions [OH-] per liter. Which of the following best describes this solution?
Neutral
Which of the following statements best describes the carbon atoms present in all organic molecules?
A, B, and C are correct. They were incorporated into organic molecules by plants AND they were processed into sugars through photosynthesis AND They are ultimately derived from carbon dioxide
Dehydration reactions are used in forming which of the following compounds
A, B, and C. Triacylglycerides, polysacharrides and proteins
Which of the following bases are pyrimidine bases?
Cytosine and Uracil
Altering which of the followings levels of structural organization could change the function of a protein
All of the above.
Buffers are substances that help resist shifts in pH by
B and D are correct. donating h+ to a solution when they have been depleted AND accepting H+ when they are in excess
A carbon atom is most likely to form what kind of bond(s) with other atoms?
Covalent
What is the chemical mechanism by which cells make polymers from monomers?
Dehydration reactions
The function of each protein is a consequence of its specific shape. What is the term used for a change in a proteins shape or conformation due to disruption of hydrogen bonds, disulfide bridges or ionic bonds?
Denaturation
Research indicates that Albuterol, a drug used to relax bronchial muscles, improving airflow and thus offering relief from asthma, consists only of one enantiometer, the R-form. Why is it important for this drug to consist of only one enantiomeric form rather than a mixture of enantiometers?
Different enantiomers may have different or opposite physiological effects
The molecular mass of glucose (C6H12O6) is 180 g. Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a .5 M solution of glucose?
Dissolve 90 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L
Which of the following ionizes completely in solution and is considered to be a strong acid?
HCl
For this pair of items choose the option that best describes their relationship. (A) The number of cis double bonds in saturated fatty acids. (B) the number of cis double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids.
Item A is less than item B
For this pair of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship. (A) The number of alpha glucose 1-4 linkages in cellulose. (B) the number of alpha glucose 1-4 linkages in starch
Item A is less than item B
Which of the following takes place as an ice cube cools a drink?
Kinetic energy in the drink decreases
The experimental approach taken in current biological investigations presumes that
Living organisms can be understood in terms of the same physical and chemical laws that can be used to explain all natural phenomena
Based on your knowledge of the polarity of water molecules, the solute molecule is most likely
Positively charged
The two molecules shown in figure 4.1 are best described as
Structural Isomers
Glucose and Fructose are
Structural monomers