Chapter 38: Assessment and Management of Patients With Rheumatic Disorders
A nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client diagnosed with osteoarthritis. What instruction should the nurse give to the client to minimize injury?
Install safety devices in the home.
The nurse is reviewing the diagnostic test findings of a client with rheumatoid arthritis. What would the nurse expect to find?
Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
A nurse assesses a client in the health care provider's office. Which assessment findings support a suspicion of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
Facial erythema, pericarditis, pleuritis, fever, and weight loss
The nurse is teaching a newly diagnosed client about systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). What statement by the client indicates the teaching was successful?
"The belief is that it is an autoimmune disorder with an unknown trigger."
A client with gout has been advised to lose weight. The client informs the nurse of plans to go on a "guaranteed rapid weight loss" plan that involves fasting and heavy exercise. Which response would be most appropriate?
"There might be some difficulties with your plan and fasting."
Which term refers to fixation or immobility of a joint?
Ankylosis
What is the priority intervention for a client who has been admitted repeatedly with attacks of gout?
Assess diet and activity at home
Which is an appropriate nursing intervention in the care of the client with osteoarthritis?
Encourage weight loss and an increase in aerobic activity
The nurse teaches the client that the presence of crystals in the synovial fluid obtained from arthrocentesis confirms which disease process?
Gout
Which assessment suggests to the nurse that a client with systemic lupus erythematous is having renal involvement?
Hypertension
A nurse is managing the care of a client with osteoarthritis. What is the appropriate treatment strategy the nurse will teach the about for osteoarthritis?
administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
A nurse is caring for a client with a warm and painful toe from gout. What medication will the nurse administer?
colchicine
The nurse is gathering a health history for a client with osteoarthritis. What clinical manifestation will the nurse expect to find?
early morning stiffness
A client is being treated for hyperuricemia. Part of the treatment strategy is for the client to avoid contributing factors whenever possible. Which activities might bring on an acute attack?
eating organ meats and sardines
Nursing care for the client with fibromyalgia should be guided by the assumption that patients with fibromyalgia
may feel as if their symptoms are not taken seriously.
The nurse is caring for a client with rheumatoid arthritis who suffers with chronic pain in the hands. When would be the best time for the nurse to perform range-of-motion exercises?
After the client has had a warm paraffin hand bath
Which of the following disorders is characterized by an increased autoantibody production?
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
A client with osteoarthritis expresses concerns that the disease will prevent the ability to complete daily chores. Which suggestion should the nurse offer?
"Pace yourself and rest frequently, especially after activities."
A client suspected of having systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is being scheduled for testing. The client asks which of the tests ordered will determine positivity for the disorder. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?
"The diagnosis won't be based on the findings of a single test but by combining all data found."
A client with rheumatoid arthritis comes to the clinic for a second dose of etanercept. The dose prescribed is 25 mg subcutaneously. The medication is available in 50 mg per milliliter. How many milliliters will the nurse administer to the client? Record your answer using one decimal place.
0.5
A client is being discharged from the hospital after being diagnosed with and treated for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). What would the nurse not say when teaching the client and family information about managing the disease?
If you have problems with a medication, you may stop it until your next physician visit.
A patient is hospitalized with a severe case of gout. The patient has gross swelling of the large toe and rates pain a 10 out of 10. With a diagnosis of gout, what should the laboratory results reveal?
Hyperuricemia
Which condition is the leading cause of disability and pain in the elderly?
Osteoarthritis (OA)
A client is seen in the office for reports of joint pain, swelling, and a low-grade fever. What blood studies does the nurse know are consistent with a positive diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? Select all that apply.
Positive C-reactive protein (CRP) Positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) Red blood cell (RBC) count of <4.0 million/mcL
A client is taking ibuprofen for the treatment of osteoarthritis. What education will the nurse give the client about the medication?
Take the medication with food to avoid stomach upset.
Which term indicates an accumulation of crystalline depositions in articular surfaces, bones, soft tissue, and cartilage?
Tophi
A client was seen in the clinic for musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, mood disorders, and sleep disturbances. The physician has diagnosed fibromyalgia. What would not be a part of teaching plan for this condition?
applications of ice
The nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of the client. Which medication would lead the nurse to suspect that the client is suffering from an acute attack of gout?
colchicine
The nurse is discussing life management with the client with rheumatoid arthritis in a health clinic. What assessment finding indicates the client is having difficulty implementing self-care?
increased fatigue
The nurse teaches the client that osteoarthritis
is the most common and frequently disabling of joint disorders.
A client asks the nurse how to identify rheumatoid nodules with rheumatoid arthritis. What characteristic will the nurse include?
located over bony prominence
A diet plan is developed for a client with gouty arthritis. What should the nurse advise the client to limit the intake of?
organ meats
The nurse is performing a health history with a new client in the clinic. What is the most common reason for a client to seek medical attention for arthritis?
pain
The nurse is teaching a client about rheumatic disease. What statement best helps to explain autoimmunity?
"Your symptoms are a result of your body attacking itself."
The nurse is educating a client about the risks of stroke related to the new prescription for a COX-2 inhibitor and what symptoms to report. Which COX-2 inhibitor is the nurse educating the client about?
Celecoxib
A client with osteoarthritis asks for information concerning activity and exercise. When assisting the client, which concept should be included?
Delaying exercise for at least 1 hour after awakening allows the client to participate in exercise after some of the morning-related stiffness has subsided.
The client with osteoarthritis is seen in the clinic. Which assessment finding indicates the client is having difficulty implementing self-care?
Has a weight gain of 5 pounds
The client with an inflamed knee scheduled to have an arthrocentesis asks the nurse what the synovial fluid will look like. What is the best response by the nurse?
The fluid will be milky, cloudy, and dark yellow.
The nurse is discussing the new medication that a client will be taking for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Which disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) will the nurse educate the client about?
Methotrexate (Rheumatrex)
A nurse is teaching a client about rheumatoid arthritis. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the disease process?
"It will get better and worse again."
A nurse is preparing a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for discharge. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
"Monitor your body temperature."
A client asks the nurse what the difference is between osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Which response is correct?
"OA is a noninflammatory joint disease. RA is characterized by inflamed, swollen joints."
A client has a serum study that is positive for the rheumatoid factor. What will the nurse tell the client about the significance of this test result?
It is suggestive of rheumatoid arthritis.
Which joint is most commonly affected in gout?
Metatarsophalangeal
What intervention is a priority for a client diagnosed with osteoarthritis?
Physical therapy and exercise
The nurse knows that a patient who presents with the symptom of "blanching of fingers on exposure to cold" would be assessed for what rheumatic disease?
Raynaud's phenomenon
A client is diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to use to evaluate the client' s stage of disease?
Review the client's medical record.
Which disorder is characterized by a butterfly-shaped rash across the bridge of the nose and cheeks?
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
The nurse is assessing a client with a history of ankylosing spondylitis. What will the nurse most commonly assess?
low back pain