Chapter 4

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system? A: Chloroplast B: Plasma membrane C: Golgi apparatus D: Nuclear envelope E: All of the listed responses are part of the endomembrane system

A: Chloroplast

Basal bodies are most colsely associated with which of the following components? A: Cilia B: Golgi apparatus C: Central vacuole D: Mitochondria E: Nucleus

A: Cilia

Which of the following is/are possible site(s) of protein synthesis in a typical eukaryotic cell? A: Cytoplasm, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria B: Mitochondria C: Rough endoplasmic reticulum D: Cytoplasm and rough endoplasmic reticulum E: Cytoplasm

A: Cytoplasm, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria

A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum(ER) and eventually found in a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the plasma membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the __________. A: Golgi apparatus B: transport vesicles C: smooth endoplasmic reticulum D: rough endoplasmic reticulum E: plasma membrane

A: Golgi apparatus

A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum(ER) and eventually found in a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the plasma membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the ______________. A: Golgi apparatus B: Transport vesicles C: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum D: Rough endoplasmic reticulum E: Plasma membrane

A: Golgi apparatus

Which of the following categories best describes the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? A: Manufacturing B: Breakdown of macromolecules C: Information storage D: Energy processing E: Structural support of cells

A: Manufacturing

Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells? A: Mitochondria B: Plasma membrane C: Cytosol D: Ribosomes E: DNA

A: Mitochondria

Your intestine is lined with individual cells that absorb nutrients. No fluids leak between these cells from the interior of the intestine. Why? A: The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions. B: The intestinal cells are bound together by gap junctions. C: The intestinal cells are fused together into one large cell. D: The intestinal cells are bound together by plasmodesmata. E: The intestinal cells are bound together by the extracellular matrix.

A: The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.

Which of the following statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria is true? A: Chloroplasts but not mitochondria are completely independent of the cell of which they are a part. B: Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins. C: Mitochondria but not chloroplasts contain a small amount of DNA. D: Chloroplasts and mitochondria have three sets of membranes. E: Chloroplasts and mitochondria are components of the endomembrane system.

B: Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins.

What is the functional connection between the nucleolus, nuclear pores, and the nuclear membrane? A: The nuclear pores are connections between the nuclear membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum that permit ribosomes to assemble on the surface of the ER B: Subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus and pass throuhg the nuclear membrane via the nuclear pores C: The nucleolus contains messenger RNA(mRNA), which crosses the nuclear envelop throught the nuclear pores D: THe nucleolus passes through the nuclear membrane via the nuclear pores E: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane is produced in the nucleolus and leaves the nucleus throught the nuclear pores

B: Subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus and pass throuhg the nuclear membrane via the nuclear pores

A dish of animal cells was grown in the presence of radioactive phosphorous. The phosphorous largely ended up in nucleotides inside the actively growing in animal cells. In whihch cellular structure(s) would you predict the majority of the radioactive phosphorous to accumulate? A: Rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgo apparatus B: The nucleus C: The Golgi apparatus D: Rough endoplasmic reticulum E: The Golgi apparatus and the nucleus

B: The nucleus

Cell fractionation ______________. A: is no longer used in modern cell biology B: seperates cells into their component parts C: requires the use of a scanning electron microscope D: uses strong acids to break apart cells E: None of the listed responses is correct

B: seperates cells into their component parts

Which of the following statements correctly describes a common characteristic of cell walls and the cell extracellular matrix? A: Both are composed primarily of lipids. B: Both are synthesized in the nucleolus. C: Both are external to the plasma membrane. D: Collagen is a major component of both cell walls and the extracellular matrix. E: Cell walls and the extracellular matrix are possessed by both plants and animals.

C: Both are external to the plasma membrane.

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells? A: Centriole B: Chloroplast C: Mitochondrion D: Central vacuole E: Wall made of cellulose

C: Mitochondrion

Which of the following featrues do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common? A: Nucleus, plasma membrane, and ribosomes B: Ribosomes, nucleus, and plasma membrane C: Ribosomes, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm D: Mitochondria, ribosomes, and cytoplasm E: Mitochondria, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane

C: Ribosomes, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. Unlike a typical eukaryotic cell they __________. A: lack chromosomes B: lack a plasma membrane C: have no membrane-bounded organelles D: have a smaller nucleus E: have no ribosomes

C: have no membrane-bounded organelles

Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through ____________. A: a tight junction B: a cell wall C: plasmodesmata D: a microtubule E: a gab junction

C: plasmodesmata

What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell? A: Nucleus - ER - Golgi B: ER - lysosomes - vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane C: Lysosome - ER - Golgi D: ER - Golgi - vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane E: Golgi - ER - lysosome

D: ER - Golgi - vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. Unlike a typical eukaryotic cell, they ________________ A: Have a smaller nucleus B: Have no ribosomes C: Lack a plasma membrane D: Have no membrane-bounded organelles E: Lack chromosomes

D: Have no membrane-bounded organelles

A researcher wants to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Which type of microscope should she choose, and why is it the best choice? A: Scanning electron microscope because of its ability to visualize the surface of subcellular objects B: Transmission electron microscope because of its high resolving power C: Transmission electron microscope because of its high magnifying power D: Light microscope because the specimen is alive E: Light microscope because of its high resolving power.

D: Light microscope because the specimen is alive

Which type of cells is likely to have the most mitochondria? A: Photosynthetic cells in the leaves of a tree B: Nondividing cells in the skin on your finger. C: Inactive yeast cells that are stored for future use D: Muscle cells in the legs of a marathon runner E: Bacterial cells that are grwoing on sugars

D: Muscle cells in the legs of a marathon runner

Which of the following correctly compares the extracellular matrix(ECM) of animal cells to cell walls of plant cells? A: The structures that are external to the plasma membrane are essentially independent of the plasma membrane in both groups. B: Both the ECM and plant cell walls provide rigid structures that determine the shape of their respective cells. C: The ECM and plant cell walls completely cover the plasma membrane of their respetive cells. D: Cell walls and ECMs provide for tight contact between adjacent cells. E: Both the ECM and the plant cell wall are composed of varying mixtures of proteins and carbohydrates.

E: Both the ECM and the plant cell wall are composed of varying mixtures of proteins and carbohydrates.

Which statement about the cytoskeleton is true? A: Microfilaments are more permanent structures in cells than intermediate filaments and microtubules. B: Intermediate filaments are hollow tubes of protein that provide structural support. C: Microtubules are chains of proteins that resist stretching. D: Plant cells lack a cytoskeleton because they have a rigid cell wall. E: Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organells within the cytoplasm.

E: Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organells within the cytoplasm.

In terms of cellular function, what is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? A: Eukaryotic cells are much more successful than prokaryotic cells. B: Eukaryotic cells can synthesize proteins, but prokaryotic cells cannot. C: Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells. D: Eukaryotic cells lack many of the organelles found in prokaryotes. E: Eukaryotic cells possess specialized membrane-bounded organelles.

E: Eukaryotic cells possess specialized membrane-bounded organelles.

Cilla and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with which of the following? A: Tubulin B: Mitochondria C: Actin D: Pseudopodia E: Motor protein

E: Motor protein

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to _______________________. A: Store large quantities of ions B: Make a lot of ATP C: Move rapidly D: Absorb nutrients in the GI tract E: Secrete a lot of protein

E: Secrete a lot of protein