Chapter 4

Which of the following is NOT a correct name, symbol combination? -beryllium, Be -magnesium, Mg -silicon, Si -manganese, Mn -iron, I

iron, I

An atom containing 7 protons, 8 neutrons, and 7 electrons:

is charge- neutral

The elemental symbol Pt represents the element ________.

Platinum

Which of the statements about the discovery of electrons is FALSE? -Rutherford proved the plum-pudding model correct. -Thomson proposed that electrons were small particles held within a positively charged sphere. -Because atoms are neutral, the existence of a negatively charged particle implied there must be a positively charged component of an atom. -The negatively charged electron is located outside the nucleus. -All of the above statements are true.

Rutherford proved the plum-pudding model correct.

An atom containing 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 8 electrons would be considered charge-neutral.

True

If two atoms each contain different numbers of protons, the atoms must be from different elements.

True

The atom is the fundamental building block of everything we hear, feel, see, and experience.

True

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom: -is the same for all isotopes of an element. -identifies the atom as a particular element. -is given the symbol "Z." -is called the atomic number. -all of the above

all of the above

An isotope represented as S-34:

contains exactly 18 neutrons

Ions are formed when atoms:

gain or lose electrons

Group 7A elements are also called:

halogens

Metalloids are located where on the periodic table?

zig-zag diagonal line

What is the charge on an ion that has an atomic number of 21 and contains 22e−?

1-

How many neutrons are found in Ne-21?

11

A fictional element named Nivadium is found to have three naturally occurring isotopes with the natural abundances shown here: MASS (amu) ABUNDANCE 22.1760 45.00% 23.1847 45.00% 24.1934 10.00%

22.83 amu

How many electrons are in Br−?

36

What is the atomic symbol for silver?

Ag

Given that the molecular mass of aluminum is 26.98 grams, which of the following isotopes would you expect to have the greatest natural abundance?

Al-27

Which of the following statements about atoms is FALSE? -Atoms compose all matter. -Atoms are responsible for the sensation of smell. -Atoms are the basic building block of nature. -An atom is the smallest identifiable unit of an element. -All of the above statements are true.

All of the above statements are true.

Which of the following statements about the nature of electrical charge is FALSE? -Positive and negative charges cancel each other so that a proton and electron, when paired, are charge neutral. -Positive and negative electrical charges attract each other. -Electrical charge is a fundamental property of protons and electrons. -Positive-positive or negative-negative charges repel each other. -All of the above statements are true.

All of the above statements are true.

Which of the following elements has an atomic number of 4?

Be

Which of the following statements about ions is INCORRECT? -Cations are formed when an atom loses electrons. -Cations always have the same number of protons as electrons. -Cations are positive ions and anions are negative ions. -Anions are formed when an atom gains electrons. -All statements are correct.

Cations always have the same number of protons as electrons

Which one of the following is a main-group element?

Cs

All elements have three or more naturally occurring isotopes.

False

J.J. Thomson discovered the existence of protons.

False

John Dalton was the first person recorded as thinking that matter was ultimately composed of atoms.

False

The atomic mass of a single carbon atom is equal to exactly 12.011 amu.

False

The mass of a proton is exactly the same as the mass of a neutron.

False

You can continually divide matter into smaller and smaller pieces without ever coming to an end.

False

What is the atomic symbol for tin?

Sn

Which statement below accurately describes the contributions of Thomson? -ancient Greek philosopher who proposed that matter was continuous -discovered the existence of electrons -proposed the modern Atomic Theory -created the modern periodic table -none of the above

discovered the existence of electrons

Group 8A elements are also called:

noble gases

Cr is a member of which family? -halogens -noble gases -alkaline earth metals -alkali metals -none of the above

none of the above

The nucleus of an atom consists mainly of:

protons and neutrons

Nonmetals are located where on the periodic table?

right side