Chapter 4 A & P

Which of the labels in Figure 4-1 indicates a hemidesmosome?

A ; come back to image

________ tissues combine to form body membranes that cover and protect other structures and tissues in the body.

Epithelia and connective

Describe the simplest type of unicellular exocrine gland.

Goblet cell; this cell is scattered among absorptive cells in the intestines.

What properties are common to keratinized epithelia?

Keratinized epithelia are both tough and water resistant.

________ epithelium is found lining the anus and vagina.

Stratified squamous

What is the functional significance of gap junctions?

They permit chemical communication (diffusion of ions and small molecules) that coordinates the activities of adjacent cells.

Which cavities in the body are lined by serous membranes?

pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial

Which epithelial cells, found lining the nasal cavities and the trachea, typically possess cilia?

pseudostratified columnar

The framework or stroma of organs such as the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes is made up of ________ tissue.

reticular connective

Which membrane, lining the subdivisions of the body cavities of the trunk is extremely thin and delicate and is never directly connected to the exterior?

serous membrane

Identify the three basic components of connective tissue.

specialized cells, protein fibers, and ground substance

Which epithelial tissue type is most often found lining large ducts, such as those of the salivary glands or pancreas?

stratified columnar

The ducts of sweat glands and mammary glands are covered by ________ epithelium.

stratified cuboidal

Which of the following features are significantly different in cartilage compared to bone?

vascularity

Which of the following is a type of secretion in which some cytoplasm is lost with the product?

apocrine

Each of the following is an example of dense connective tissue except

areolar connective tissue.

The dominant fiber type in most dense connective tissue is

collagen

label the appropriate location in the figure.

come back

label the diagram to identify structural features of compact bone.

come back

label the diagram to identify structures associated with the transitional epithelium of the urinary bladder.

come back

label the diagram to identify the structural features in epithelial cells.

come back

label the diagram to identify the types of epithelia.

come back

label the four types of tissue membranes.

come back

Which type of tissue fills internal spaces of the body?

connective

The lining of the heart and blood vessels is called

endothelium.

The type of cartilage found in the intervertebral discs is ________ cartilage.

fibrous

Blood belongs to which of the following types of connective tissue?

fluid connective tissue

Simple cuboidal epithelium is found

forming the kidney tubules.

Which type of glands secret their products by exocytosis?

merocrine

Which of the following membranes line cavities that communicate with the exterior of the body?

mucous

Unicellular exocrine glands secrete

mucus

Which type of tissue contracts to produce movements?

muscle

Which type of tissue conducts electrical impulses?

neural

What are mature bone cells in lacunae called?

osteocytes

The watery fluid component of blood is called

plasma

Which surface of the cell is exposed to an internal or external environment?

apical

________ connective tissue is a type of ________ connective tissue.

Adipose; loose

Explain why a pseudostratified epithelium is not truly stratified.

All the cells form a single layer and contact the basement membrane.

Which of the labels in Figure 4-1 indicates a tight junction?

B; come back to image

Cells that store fat are called

adipocytes.

Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to

bone

Intercalated discs and striations are characteristic of ________ tissue.

cardiac muscle

The three types of connective tissue include

connective tissue proper, fluid connective, and supporting connective.

What is the general shape of the epithelial cells that are nearest the lumen in an empty urinary bladder?

cuboidal

Tissues that provide strength and support for areas subjected to stresses from many directions are

dense irregular connective tissues.

in stratified epithelia adapted to resist mechanical forces, which of the following types of cell-to-cell junctions are especially abundant?

desmosomes

Examination of a tissue sample reveals groups of cells united by junctional complexes and interlocking membranes. The cells have one free surface and lack blood vessels. The tissue is most likely ________ tissue.

epithelial

Glandular secretions are produced by which tissue type?

epithelial

Keratin is a protein that is typically found in which tissue type?

epithelial

Which type of tissue covers exposed surfaces of the body?

epithelial

Which of the following connective tissue cells produces collagen?

fibroblasts

study of tissues

histology

Which type of connective tissue is found between the ribs and the sternum, or supporting the trachea?

hyaline cartilage

Endocrine glands empty their products into ________ and contain ________, while exocrine gland secretions empty into ________ or onto surfaces.

interstitial fluid; no ducts; ducts

All of the following types of epithelium can be found where absorption or secretion takes place except

keratinized stratified squamous.

The epithelial tissue that covers skin is classified as

keratinized stratified squamous.

What is the main function of mesenchymal cells?

make new connective tissue cells

The body's most delicate type of epithelium is the ________ epithelium.

simple squamous

Which tissue type lines the heart and blood vessels?

simple squamous epithelium

Which tissue type contains cells that can be described as long, cylindrical, multinucleated, and striated?

skeletal muscle

The muscle tissue that shows no striations is ________ muscle.

smooth

Which type of muscle tissue regulates blood vessel diameter?

smooth muscle tissue

What makes a connective tissue "loose" or "dense"?

the packing or volume of fibers

Identify the various types of epithelial intercellular connections

tight junctions, adhesion belts, gap junctions, and desmosomes

Identify the epithelium that lines the urinary bladder, and describe its unusual functional characteristic

transitional epithelium, allows for repeated stretching and recoiling back to its original shape

Loose connective tissue functions in all of the following ways except

transporting substances throughout the body.