Chapter 4: Megalopolis

Why did ships stop at megalopolis?

1) Business to be transacted 2) Growth of shipbuilding 3) Goods purchased for local consumption 4) Some goods found in few other places

What are some characteristics of the urban environment?

1) Commercial Hinge role shared among different different cities 2) Urban forms and functions give it unity 3) High population densities 4) Population density differences within megalopolis

What are the soil conditions like?

1) Good soils from baltimore to philly 2) Poor soils from NY to Boston

What are the biggest changing patterns of megalopolis?

1) Great areal expansion of each major metropolitan area 2) Changes on the land 3) Changes in population composition 4) Changes in population redistribution

What are the problems of megalopolis?

1) High population density leads to overcrowding of residential areas 2) Spatially intense economic activity (Pollution effects) 3) Accessibility and Density -Severe problems for land movement- -Relocation of jobs -Decline in transit ridership

What are some situational advantages of megalopolis?

1) Location to other places 2) Close proximity to Europe 3) Accessible to trading ships 4) Most direct sea route between Europe adn South American Colonies

What contributed to the excellant harbors of megalopolis?

1) Low sea levels 2) Earth's water held frozen in massive ice sheets 3) Unfreezing drowned lower river valleys to form estuaries 4) Navigability of lower hudson river

Characteristics of edge city

1) More than 5 million square feet of office space 2) Over 650,000 square feet of retail space 3) Population size has large daily fluctuations 4) Place is known as single end destination (place has it all) 5) not anything like a "city" 30 years ago

What physical features exist?

1) Peninsula's 2) Islands 3) Bays and River Estuaries

Rapid growth occured which two cities in Megalopolis?

1) Philidelphia 2) Baltimore Good agricultural region

3 other cities asides from megalopolis have excellant natural harbors, what are they?

1) San Francisco 2) Seattle 3) Mobile

Boston was known for what?

1) Shallow soils 2) Support of fishing and shipbuilding industries 3) Hardwood and pine forests 4) Fishing Banks

What are some components of the urban landscape of megalopolis?

1) Spatial Interaction 2) Movement of information and ideas 3) Movement of electricity, fresh water supply, sewage, and garbage disposal 4) Network of utility lines buried beneath pavement of 2nd Avenue in NYC 5) Intensity of intraurban interaction reflects diversity of activities and density

What results from the four large cities growing close to one another?

1) Urban economic activities cluster 2) None of 4 ports can wholly absorb flow of goods destined to any of neighbors and competitors

These ports account for how much export trade?

1/6 th

Megalopolis contains what percent of the country's population?

17%

What percent of megalopolis is farmland?

20.7%-Massachusetts, Connecticut, RI, NJ, Delaware, and Maryland

How many metropolitan areas?

5

How many ports are there?

6

Break-In Bulk Points

A transfer point on a transport route where the type of carrier changes and where large-volume shipments are reduced in size.

Fall Line Cities

Area where rivers flow off the Piedmont and form rapids and small waterfalls.

New York

Better agriculture than Boston but worse than Philly or Baltimore Good farming land lies in Long Island

What comprises megalopolis?

Boston New York Philadelphia Baltimore Washington DC

CBD

Central Business District

Boston

City of technology, education, and medicine

Functional Complexity

Clustering and scattering activities Light manufacturing Industrial Zones Nature of land use Public Services Accessibility

Urbaness

Dense patterns of streets and buildings

Concentric Zone Model

Described cities in terms of concentric zones of declining land-use intensity

Why is NY the most important city?

Financial, Cultural, Fashion, and Printing influences

Fall Line

Found along a line tracing physiographic boundary Hindrance to water navigation but a source of water power

What are some economic qualities?

High per capita income White Collar and professional occupations Transportation and communication activities

What is the impact of Long Island?

Increased length of NY's coastline Provided land needed to accomodate urban growth

Urban Sprawl

Inner suburban residents relocate further out toward metropolitan area

Why was the growth of shipbuilding in the region significant?

It led to exploitation of nearby forest resources

Moraine Deposits

Large amounts of oil, stone, and other debris scraped up by expanding glaciers

Spatial Interaction

Movement that occurs between places

Excurbia

Moving even farther away than the suburbs

Edge Cities

Moving out of central cities to suburbs

Accessibility Resources

Naturally occurring physical features of a place that facilitate movement into or out of that place

Where are the smaller harbors?

New Haven (CO) Groton (CO) New Bedord (MA) Portsmouth (NH)

Gentrification

Process of real property investment

What two factors contributed to NY's population size?

Site and Situation Advantages

What makes Megalopolis a commercial hinge?

Tremendous volume of goods transferrred across hinge

The coastline makes water transportation cheap, true or false?

True

Metropolitan Coalesence

Urbanism has spread out so far from these cities that they have begun to merge with one another

Piedmont

Very old and hard rocks Erosion resistant Formation of rapids and small waterfalls

Spatial Complementarity

When two or more places are deficient in items that can be obtained at the other places

Repercussions of urban sprawl

Addition urban sprawl as inner suburban residents relocate farther out

Great Circle Route

Straight Line between Caribbean Sea and British Isles