Chapter 4 OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS

inverting input

inverting (or negative) input voltage Vn property of the op amp that its output voltage is directly proportional to the negative of the inverting input voltage

Non-inverting input

noninverting (or positive) input voltage Vp property of the op amp that its output voltage is directly proportional to the non inverting input voltage

feedback

refers to taking a part of the output signal and feeding it back into the input.

Positive feedback

increase in the intensity of the input signal

Op amps available commercially and are fabricated in encapsulated packages of various shapes.

An example is the eight-pin DIP configuration requiring only five of the eight pins (terminals) to be connected to an outside circuit, namely: 2 (neg, inverting),3 (pos, non inverting),4 (- supply terminal),7 (+ supply terminal),6 (output voltage)

Introduction of the integrated circuit operation amplifier led to a wide array of signal processing circuits.

An operational amplifier, op amp for short, is a key component of many signal-processing circuits

inverting amplifier

In an inverting amplifier op-amp circuit the input source is connected to the terminal Vn (instead of to terminal Vp) through an input source resistance Rs, and terminal Vp is connected to ground.

Despite its complex circuit architecture, the op amp can be modeled in terms of a relatively simple linear equivalent circuit. The importance of this concept is that this equivalence allows for the same analytical tools developed in prior sections to analyze large arrays of op-amp circuits

The internal architecture of an op amp consists of many interconnected transistors, diodes, resistors, and capacitors--all fabricated on a single chip--whose internal complexity is capable of being modeled as a simple equivalent circuit exhibiting linear input-output responses

What is the meaning of operational in operational amplifier?

The versatility of an op amp as a device capable of not only amplifying a signal but also inverting it (reversing its polarity), integrating it, or differentiating it.

Negative feedback

decrease in the intensity of the input signal