Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization (multiple choice)
True or False? Endocrine glands are often called ducted glands.
False
True or False? Healing of a surgical incision through the body wall will tend to increase the amount of areolar tissue.
False
True or False? Merocrine glands produce their secretions by accumulating their secretions internally until the cell ruptures.
False
True or false? Aging tends to increase bony spread within the body as chondrocytes die.
False
True or false? Intercalated discs and striations are found in skeletal muscle.
False
True or false? Salivary glands exhibit simple tubuloalveolar glandular arrangement.
False
True or false? Tendons and ligaments are composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue.
False
True or false? A major characteristic of fibrocartilage is its unique amount of flexibility and elasticity
False
True or false? Cartilage has good regenerative capacity, while most epithelial tissues do not.
False
True or false? Connective tissues that possess a large quantity of collagen fibers often provide the framework for organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes.
False
True or false? Nervous tissue consists mainly of neurons and collagen fibers.
False
True or false? Pseudostratified epithelium consists of multiple cell layers.
False
True or false? The basic difference between dense irregular and dense regular connective tissues is in the amount of elastic fibers and adipose cells present.
False
True or False? Depending on the functional state of the bladder, transitional epithelium may resemble stratified squamous or stratified cuboidal epithelium.
True
True or False? Epithelial tissues always exhibit apica-basal polarity; meaning that cell regions near the apical surface differ from those near the basal surface.
True
True or False? Goblet cells are found within pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
True
True or False? The shock-absorbing pads between the vertebrae are formed of fibrocartilage.
True
True or False? Squamous cells are flattened and scalelike when mature.
True
True or false? All epithelia have two surfaces, an apical surface and a basal surface, that differ in both structure and function.
True
True or false? Blood is considered a type of connective tissue
True
True or false? Cartilage tissue tends to heal less rapidly than bone tissue.
True
True or false? Functions of connective tissues include binding, support, insulation, and protection.
True
True or false? Macrophages are found in areolar and lymphatic tissues.
True
True or false? Simple cuboidal epithelia are usually found in areas where secretion and absorption occur.
True
True or false? Smooth muscle cells possess central nuclei but lack striations.
True
True or false? The role of brown fat is to warm the body; whereas, the role of white fat is to store nutrients.
True
Cell type not found in areolar connective tissue. a) chondrocytes b) macrophages c) fibroblasts d) mast cells
a
Choose the answer that shows the correct order for the standard preparation of a histological specimen. a) (1) fixation, (2) sectioning, (3) staining b) (1) fixation, (2) staining, (3) sectioning c) (1) sectioning, (2) staining, (3) fixation d) (1) staining, (2) fixation, (3) sectioning e) (1) sectioning, (2) fixation, (3) staining specimen.
a
Connective tissues ________. a) primarily consist of extracellular matrix b) are delicate tissues, not designed to bear weight or withstand abrasion or tension c) are all avascular d) arise from different types of embryonic tissue; therefore, they have little relationship or kinship to one another
a
Groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related function form a(n) ________. a) tissue b) organ c) organ system d) organism
a
Heart muscle cells would tend to separate without ________ a) intercalated discs b) flana c) myofilaments d) stroma
a
How is hyaline cartilage different from elastic or fibrocartilage? a) Fibers are not normally visible. b) It is more vascularized. c) It contains less nuclei. d) It is more harder and rigid.
a
In connective tissue, the role of collagen fibers is to ________. a) provide tensile strength b) provide elasticity c) form delicate networks around blood vessels and support the soft tissue of organs d) retain fluid
a
Inability to absorb digested nutrients and secrete mucus might indicate a disorder in which tissue? a) simple columnar b) stratified squamous c) simple squamous d) transitional
a
The reason that intervertebral discs exhibit a large amount of tensile strength, which allows them to absorb shock, is because they possess ________. a) collagen fibers b) hydroxyapatite crystals c) elastic fibers d) reticular fibers
a
The reason that intervertebral discs exhibit a large amount of tensile strength, which allows them to absorb shock, is because they possess ________. a) collagen fibers b) hydroxyapatite crystals c) elastic fibers d) reticular fibers
a
Which cells are commonly found wedged between simple columnar epithelial cells? a) goblet cells b) mast cells c) cilia d) macrophages
a
Which of the following is a property of epithelial tissue? a) Epithelial tissue is innervated. b) Epithelial tissue is typically unable to regenerate. c) Epithelial tissue contains blood vessels. d) Epithelial tissue does not exhibit polarity.
a
Which of the following is not a step in tissue repair? a) Formation of new stem cells b) Restoration of blood supply c) Inflammation d) Regeneration and fibrosis.
a
Which of the following is not found in the matrix of cartilage but is found in bone? a) blood vessels b) lacunae c) living cells d) organic fibers
a
Which of the following is true about epithelia? a) Endothelium provides a slick surface lining all hollow cardiovascular organs. b) Stratified epithelia are associated with filtration. c) Pseudostratified epithelia are commonly keratinized. d) Simple epithelia are commonly found in areas of high abrasion
a
Which of the following would be of most importance to goblet cells and other glandular epithelium? a) Golgi bodies b) lysosomes c) microvilli d) multiple nuclei
a
Which tissue type arises from all three embryonic germ layers? a) epithelial tissue b) connective tissue c) nervous tissue d) muscle tissue
a
Which type of epithelium lines the interior of the urinary bladder? a) transitional epithelium b) stratified squamous epithelium c) simple squamous epithelium d) simple columnar epithelium
a
An exocrine gland that has an unbranched duct would be classified as a ________. a) multicellular compound gland b) multicellular simple gland c) unicellular compound gland d) unicellular simple gland
b
Arteries, veins, and lymphatics keep clots from sticking as long as their ________ is intact and healthy a) simple cuboidal epithelium b) endothelium c) transitional epithelium d) mesothelium
b
Chondroblasts ________. a) are mature cartilage cells located in spaces called lacunae b) within the cartilage divide and secrete new matrix c) never lose their ability to divide d) remain in compact bone even after the epiphyseal plate closes
b
Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as ________. a) sebaceous b) endocrine c) exocrine d) ceruminous
b
Mucous cells are ________. a) hormone-producing glands b) unicellular exocrine glands c) endocrine glands d) multicellular exocrine glands
b
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium ciliated variety ________. a) aids in digestion b) lines most of the respiratory tract c) is not an epithelial classification d) possesses no goblet cells
b
Select the correct statement regarding tissue repair a) The clot is formed from dried blood and transposed collagen fibers. b) Inflammation causes capillaries to dilate and become permeable. c) Granulation tissue is highly susceptible to infection. d) Granulation tissue is another name for a blood clot.
b
The blast cell for blood production is the ________. a) fibroblast b) hemocytoblast c) osteoblast d) chondroblast
b
The fiber type that gives connective tissue great tensile strength is ________. a) reticular b) collagen c) elastic d) muscle
b
What are the three main components of connective tissue? a) collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers b) ground substance, fibers, and cells c) fibroblasts, chondroblasts, and osteoblasts d) alveoli, fibrous capsule, and secretory cells
b
Where is transitional epithelium found? a) in areas involved in filtration b) in areas subjected to stretching c) in areas subject to wear and tear d) in areas involved in absorption
b
Which of the following describes a holocrine gland? a) Holocrine glands secrete their products by endocytosis. b) Holocrine glands secrete their products by rupturing. c) Holocrine glands secrete their products by pinching off the apex of the cell. d) Holocrine glands secrete their products by exocytosis.
b
Which of the following is a single-celled layer of epithelium that forms the lining of serous membranes? a) simple columnar b) simple squamous c) simple cuboidal d) pseudostratified columnar
b
Which type of gland produces hormones? a) unicellular exocrine glands b) endocrine glands c) multicellular exocrine glands d) holocrine glands
b
Edema occurs when a) collagen fibers enlarge as they change from dehydrated to hydrated shape b) reticular connective tissue invades the area c) areolar tissue soaks up excess fluid in an inflamed area d) adipose cells enlarge by pinocytosis
c
Mesenchymal cells are most commonly found in ________ connective tissue. a) reticular b) dense regular c) embryonic d) areolar
c
Select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue. a) It is composed mostly of extracellular matrix. b) Mature adipose cells are highly mitotic. c) Its primary function is nutrient storage. d) Most of the cell volume is occupied by the nucleus.
c
Select the correct statement regarding epithelia. a) Simple squamous epithelia consist of tall, narrow cells. b) Simple epithelia form impermeable barriers to viruses. c) Stratified squamous epithelia are present where protection from abrasion is important. d) Pseudostratified epithelia consist of at least two layers of cells stacked on top of one another
c
What tissue has lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels? a) fibrocartilaginous tissue b) cartilage tissue c) osseous tissue d) areolar tissue
c
Which is true concerning muscle tissue? a) contains contractile units made of collagen b) cuboidal shape enhances function c) highly cellular and well vascularized d) is a single-celled tissue
c
Which tissue type consists of a sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity? a) connective tissue b) nervous tissue c) epithelial tissue d) muscle tissue
c
________ epithelium appears to have two or three layers of cells, but all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane. a) Stratified cuboidal b) Transitional c) Pseudostratified columnar d) Stratified columnar
c
________ is a water-soluble, complex glycoprotein that is secreted by goblet cells. a) An amino acid b) An enzyme c) Mucin d) A hormone e) Salt
c
A many-layered epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and flat cells at its surface would be classified as _______. a) transitional b) simple cuboidal c) simple squamous d) stratified squamous
d
Connective tissue matrix is composed of ________. a) ground substance and cells b) all organic compounds c) cells and fibers d) fibers and ground substance
d
Exocrine glands ________. a) secrete hormones b) secrete substances into blood c) are only unicellular in structure d) secrete substances onto body surfaces
d
Select the correct statement regarding the stem cells of connective tissue a) Chondroblasts are the main cell type of connective tissue proper. b) Connective tissue cells are nondividing. c) Connective tissue does not contain cells. d) "Blast" cells are undifferentiated, actively dividing cells.
d
The first step in tissue repair involves ________. a) formation of scar tissue b) replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells c) proliferation of fibrous connective tissue d) inflammation
d
The shape of the external ear is maintained by ________. a) hyaline cartilage b) fibrocartilage c) adipose tissue d) elastic cartilage
d
The simple columnar epithelium that form absorptive cells of the digestive tract have which characteristic a) cilia b) a rich vascular supply c) fibroblasts d) dense microvilli
d
Which of the following epithelial tissue locations is NOT correctly matched to its function? a) kidney: filtration b) kidney: secretion c) digestive tract: absorption d) skin: absorption e) skin: protection
d
Which of the following increases the surface area of certain epithelial tissues? a) cilia b) desmosomes c) basement membrane d) microvilli e) basal lamina
d
Which of the following is true about the mode of secretion of exocrine glands? a) Holocrine cells are slightly damaged by the secretory process, but repair themselves. b) These glands are ductless. c) Apocrine cells are destroyed, then replaced, after secretion. d) Merocrine glands are not altered by the secretory process
d
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? a) Stratified squamous epithelia are found in areas subjected to wear and tear. b) Simple squamous epithelia are associated with filtration and exchange. c) Simple columnar epithelia are associated with absorption and secretion. d) Simple cuboidal epithelia are found in areas that stretch.
d
Which of the following statements is true of connective tissue? a) When connective tissue is stretched, collagen gives it the ability to snap back. b) Reticular fibers form thick, ropelike structures. c) Elastin fibers are sometimes called white fibers. d) Collagen fibers provides high tensile strength.
d
Which statement best describes connective tissue? a) primarily concerned with secretion b) typically arranged in a single layer of cells c) usually lines a body cavity d) usually contains a large amount of matrix
d