Chapter 4-Understanding Children
Separation anxiety
A child is upset because a familiar caregiver is leaving.
Grasping or palmar reflex
After touching the infant's palm, the hand will grip tightly.
Development
Changes or growth in a child.
Principle of proximodistal development
Development occurs from the center of the body outward.
Cephalocaudal principle
Development occurs from the head downward.
Physical development
Growth in a child's body (height, weight. or bone density)
Gross motor skills
Improvement of skills using large muscles.
Babinski reflex
Infants fan their toes upward when their feet are stroked.
Rooting reflex
Infants turn their head towards anything that brushes thier face.
Fine motor skills
Involves developing the small muscles.
Social/ emotional development
Learning to relate to others and express feeling.
Cognitive development
Mental process used to gain knowledge.
Moro reflex
Occurs when the baby is startled by a noise or sudden movement.
Temperament
Quality and intensity of a child's emotional reaction to the environment.
Maturation
Sequences of biological changes in a child.
Attachment
Strong emotional connection between people.
Motor sequence
The order in which a child is able to perform new movements.
Object permanence
Understanding that objects continue to exist even if they cannot be seem.
Deferred imitation
Watching another person's behavior and then acting that behavior out later.
Stepping
When the infant is placed on their feet, their legs move in a walking motion.
