Chapter 43
A client is receiving candesartan. The nurse understands that this drug acts in which manner?
Selectively binds with angiotensin II receptors in the vascular smooth muscle
A client is receiving fosinopril. Which adverse effect would the nurse caution the cliient about to help to promote compliance?
Cough
A nurse is caring for a client experiencing a hypertensive emergency. If blood pressure is not lowered immediately, what can occur? (Select all that apply
Damage to the eyes Damage to the kidneys Damage to the heart
When circulatory shock occurs, there is massive vasodilation causing pooling of the blood in the periphery of the body. An ICU nurse caring for a patient in circulatory shock knows that the pooling of blood in the periphery leads to:
Decreased venous return
A 71-year-old male client has recently been diagnosed with hypertension. Which measurement is a partial indication of effective treatment and management?
Diastolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg
Key behavioral determinants of blood pressure are related to what factor?
Dietary consumption of calories and salt
A 35-year-old female client controls the symptoms of her cardiovascular disease with ACE inhibitors. She discovers that she is pregnant and contacts her primary care provider regarding her medication regimen. What would the nurse expect the provider to do?
Discontinue the drug
An older adult client who resides in a care facility has been prescribed antihypertensives for the first time following many years of generally good health. When administering the first dose of the prescribed antihypertensive medication to an older adult, the nurse should recognize the related risk to which possible side effect?
Falls
A patient, aged 78 years, is receiving nitroprusside for hypertensive emergency. For which condition should the patient be assessed?
Hypotensive crisis
The patient has been placed on a nitroprusside drip for the treatment of a hypertensive crisis. Which mechanism of action does the nurse know is true for nitroprusside?
It directly relaxes vascular smooth muscle, allowing dilation of peripheral arteries and veins.
A client, prescribed amlodipine, asks how this drug works. What is the nurse's best response?
"It dilates peripheral arteries and relaxes vascular smooth muscle."
Which question would be most important for a nurse to ask a female client who is starting on an angiotensin II receptor blocker for hypertension?
"When was your last menstrual period?"
A client with diabetes also has hypertension. The nurse would expect that the blood pressure goal for the client would be which of the following?
130/80 mmHg
What statement should underlie the nurse's response when asked if ACE inhibitor therapy can be continued during pregnancy?
ACE inhibitors are contraindicated during pregnancy because they are teratogenic.
A nurse is educating a patient with hypertension who is prescribed losartan on the mechanism of action of the drug. Which mode of action helps losartan to bring about its antihypertensive effect?
By blocking the angiotensin II receptors
When describing the adverse effects associated with ACE inhibitors, which would the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Proteinuria, Cough, Constipation, and Photosensitivity
A 54-year-old client with CHF is admitted to the unit. The nurse knows that what physiologic changes will affect a client's stroke volume?
Changes in heart contraction
A 26-year-old white male client has been prescribed captopril for hypertension. A nurse has been assigned to the client to provide education regarding the use of this drug. The nurse will advise the client that:
a persistent, dry cough may occur; however, it is not serious.
How does captopril contribute to a reduction of a client's blood pressure?
blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
How is hypertension defined with regard to blood pressure readings?
systolic pressure above 140 mm Hg or diastolic pressure above 90 mm Hg