Chapter 5 African Diaspora Test
What problems did early black schools encounter?
African American parents' belief that schools were pointless
What prominent Protestant denominations arose from black efforts to establish a separate church in Philadelphia?
African Methodist Episcopal
Examine the portrait of Absalom Jones painted by Raphaelle Peale in 1810 and the lithograph depicting New York African Free School, No. 2. What do these images reveal about the free black community?
Free blacks had access to religious and educational institutions
They were more prevalent in the northern states
From 1794 to 1832, how did antislavery societies function?
How did Gabriel's Prosser rebellion influence the South?
Gabriel's networks continued to exist and be influential after his death
Examine the late-eighteenth century portrait if Prince Hall. What type of man does he appear to be, and what would this appearance have meant to his contemporaries?
He appears to be an educated gentleman, revealing his elevated stature among free blacks
Examine the image depicting Toussaint Louverture (leader of Haitian Revolution) on page 124 of the textbook. What aspect of the image indicates how African Americans of the era viewed Louverture?
He is making an agreement, indicating that blacks admired him
How did Prince Hall find a Masonic lodge for blacks in America?
He went through the British membership application process
Two slaves sued for freedom under a new state constitution
How did Massachusetts abolish slavery?
What was the result of the 3/5 Compromise in the Constitution?
It gave the South increased political power in the House of Representatives
Examine Table 5-1. Why does Pennsylvania exhibit a much smaller slave population than either New York or New Jersey in 1790?
Pennsylvania began to free slaves in the state in 1780 by state law
Which if the following factors helped to continue the institution of slavery in the U.S?
The Constitution
Why did blacks form separate institutions after the American Revolution?
There was a larger free black community in northern cities after the Revolution
How did southern whites react in general to slave violence?
They began to be much more suspicious of foreigners and outsiders
Why was cotton production an important development in the South in the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth century?
Demand for cotton was skyrocketed, and slaves were needed to pick it
How did many Americans view the War of 1812?
As a second part of the struggle for Independence
Regarding Black military service during the War of 1812, what had White Americans practically forgotten?
Blacks' heroism and service during the American Revolution
Who organizes the Louisiana Rebellion?
Charles Deslondes
What does the bar graph in Figure 5-1 reveal about the major shift in the distribution of African-Americans slaves after 1800?
Massive numbers of slaves were relocated to the Deep South
What event heightened sectional tensions between the North and the South, leading to increased militancy on both sides?
Missouri Compromise
Why might a master free a slave?
Most masters after the revolution tended to believe in the equality of all humans
What were the earliest black community institutions?
Mutual aid societies
When the War of 1812 began, in what ways did southern blacks serve militarily?
None served because they were seen as an "internal foe" by White Americans
Why did many anti slavery societies focus on gradual emancipation rather than immediate emancipation?
Northern states had successfully passed plans for gradual emancipation
How did racism develop in the early 1800s?
Racists believed that black people were closer to apes than to whites
Why was the collapse of slavery different in New England versus the Middle States?
Religious and political beliefs influenced whites into accepting the demise of slavery in New England more quickly
Which population grew most rapidly in the New Orleans area after the Louisiana Purchase?
Slaves who came directly from Africa
What compromise did the convention delegates create regarding the Atlantic slave trade in the Constitution?
The Atlantic slave trade was gradually abolished over the next 20 years (1808)
Examine the image of black slaves working a machine that was published in Harpers Weekly in 1869. What development of the late-eighteenth century does the activity of the men in the image reflect?
The machine is the cotton gin, reflecting the expansion of cotton and slavery after 1793
Examine Map 5-1. What relationship does it indicate between geographical factors and the continuation of slavery?
The presence of large amounts of land led to the continuation of slavery
What foreign revolution influenced slave uprising in the United States?
The revolution in Haiti
How did the slave trade change in the early 1800s?
The slave trade expanded dramatically to the West
What did men like Prince Hall and James Forten feel about what was best for African Americans?
They generally believed that if blacks kept working and protesting, the ideals of the American Revolution would be attained
Why are Richard Allen and Absalom Jones important in African-American history?
They led the formation of the first independent black church.
Which of the following statements is true of the early separate black churches established around the Great Awakening?
They were never truly independent institutions
How did mutual aid societies evolve over time?
They were similar to insurance companies in providing death and sick benefits
American Revolutionary ideology, the Haitian slave revolt, and a U.S. naval conflict with France produced Gabriel's rebellion in 1800
True
By the 1790s an educated black elite existed in the Chesapeake and the Northern Colonies
True
Migration out of the South was an idea that free blacks debated during the early 1800s
True
The formation of the American Colonization Society in 1816 reveals the efforts of the free blacks to escape white American racism during the early 1800s
True
Provided rules and regulations for the sale of land
What did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 do?
In some cases, the courts seemed willing to follow the letter of the law and apply equality and rights across the races
What do legal cases over slavery and black rights in Massachusetts in the 1780s tell you about that colony and its black residents?
State legislatures, rather than individual blacks, took the lead in abolishing slavery
What is one difference between earlier abolition attempts and the initiatives in Connecticut and Rhode Island?
The right for black men, who paid taxes, to vote
What right did Massachusetts, unique among the colonies, grant its black residents in 1783?
Manumission laws were made more permissive
What was one change across a few southern states that did affect slaves' chances for freedom?
The ordinance set a legal and geographical precedent for limiting where slavery could and could not exist
What was the significance of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 for African Americans?
Vermont and Massachusetts
Which two states abolished slavery immediately during the 1770s and the 1780s?
What prompted black members of St. George's Methodist Church in Philadelphia to separate and form their own church?
White members tried to prevent a black member from praying in what trustees considered the white section of the church
What groups of blacks emerged as leaders after the American Revolution?
clergy and businessmen
What was the most common form of resistance against slavery among blacks?
day-to-day resistance and escape