Chapter 5 workbook-Infection Prevention and Control
What type of personal protective equipment is used most often by caregivers?
Gloves
Blood borne diseases can be transmitted by
Infected blood entering the bloodstream
Occurs when pathogens invade the body and multiple
Infection
Methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease
Infection prevention
True or False? Waste containing blood or body fluids should be disposed on in the residents trash can and the housekeeping department should be notified
False
True or False? Waste that contains blood can be disposed of in the regular trash can
False
If blood or body fluids may be splashed or sprayed into the eye area, proper protection for the eyes is
Goggles
Which of the following is true of hepatitis B (HBV)
HBV can be transmitted through blood or needles that are contaminated with the virus
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines hand hygiene as
Hand washing with soap and water and using alcohol based hand scrubs
The occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is a federal government agency that protects workers from
Hazards on the job
The Bloodborne Pathogens Standards is a federal requirement which states that
Healthcare employers must have a written exposure control plan designed to eliminate or reduce employee exposure to infectious material
Infections acquired in health care settings during the delivery of medical care
Healthcare-associated infection
Employers must offer a free vaccine to protect nursing assistants from
Hepatitis B
What type of personal protective equipment may be needed when caring for a resident with a respiratory illness?
Mask and goggles
The word resistant in multi drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) means that
Medications can no longer kill the specific bacteria
A living thing that is only visible under a microscope
Microorganism/microbe
How should sharps, such as needles, be discarded?
Sharps should be placed in biohazard containers
When a resident is in isolation
She needs to feel that her feelings are understood by care team members
A measure that destroy all microorganisms, including pathogens
Sterilization
Why should a nursing assistant not wear artificial nails to work?
They harbor bacteria and increase risk of contamination
True or False? A mask and protective goggles may need to be worn when emptying a bedpan
True
True or False? A nursing assistant should wash her hands before donning (putting on) gloves
True
True or False? An absorbing powder may be used to absorb the spill before removing it
True
True or False? Following Standard Precautions means treating all blood, body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes as if they were infected
True
True or False? Frequent hand washing can help prevent the spread of VRE
True
True or False? Giving mouth care is one task that requires a nursing assistant to wear gloves
True
True or False? Hand washing and proper handling of contaminated wastes can help prevent clostridium difficile (C.diff)
True
True or False? MRSA can be spread through indirect contact by touching objects contaminated by a person with MRSA
True
True or False? Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcicus aureus (MRSA) is almost always spread by direct contact
True
True or False? VRE causes life threatening infections in people with compromised immune systems
True
Standard Precautions include the following measures:
Wearing gloves if there is a possibility of coming into contact with blood, body fluids, mucous membranes, or broken skin
Employer/Employee? Immediately report any exposure of infection, blood, or body fluids.
Employee
Employer/Employee? Participate in continuing in-service education programs covering infection prevention
Employee
Employer/Employee? Take advantage of the free Hepatitis B vaccination
Employee
Employer/Employee? Use provided personal protective equipment as indicated or as appropriate
Employee
Employer/Employee? Establish infection prevention procedures and an exposure control plan
Employer
Employer/Employee? Provide free Hepatitis B vaccinations
Employer
Employer/Employee? Provide personal protective equipment for use and train how to properly use it.
Employer
Employer/Employee? Provide continuing in-service education on infection prevention
Employer
Dedicated equipment refers to
Equipment that is used by only one resident
A nursing assistant (NA) will come into contact with microorganisms
Every time the NA touches something
True or False? A nursing assistant can usually tell if someone is infectious just by looking at him
False
True or False? A nursing assistant does not need to wear gloves to clean up a very small spill
False
True or False? A nursing assistant should carefully recap used syringes before putting them in a container
False
True or False? A nursing assistant should use her hands to pick up large pieces of broken glass and use a broom and dustpan for smaller pieces
False
True or False? Both hand sanitizers and washing hands with soap and water are considered equally effective when dealing with C. difficile
False
True or False? Disinfectant should be placed directly on the spilled fluid before absorbing and removing the flyid
False
True or False? Hand washing will not help control the spread of MRSA
False
True or False? Increasing the use of antibiotics helps lower the risk of developing C. difficile diarrhea
False
True or False? Once vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) is established, it is relatively easy to get rid of it
False
True or False? Under Standard Precautions, body fluids do not include saliva
False
Transmission-Based Precautions are used
in addition to standard precautions
Standard precautions should be practiced...
on every single person under a nursing assistant's care
Why is it important for an employee to report any potential exposures immediately?
to protect the employee's health and the health of others
What is the correct order for doffing (removing) PPE?
1. Gloves 2. Goggles 3. Mask 4. Gown
What is the order for donning (putting on) PPE?
1. Gown 2.Mask 3. Goggles 4. Gloves
How long should a nursing assistant use friction when lathering and washing her hands
20 seconds
Employer/Employee? Follow resident care plans and assignments
Employee
Only to be used once and then discarded
Disposable
A harmful microorganism
Pathogen
(Contact, Airborne, Droplet Precaution) Helps prevent the spread of illnesses transmitted through the air
Airborne
(Contact, Airborne, Droplet Precaution) May require the use of a special mask, such as an N95 or HEPA mask
Airborne
(Contact, Airborne, Droplet Precaution) Used to guard against tuberculosis and chickenpox
Airborne
Tuberculosis is
An airborne disease
Tuberculosis may be transmitted
By coughing
Employer/Employee? Follow all facility policies and procedure
Employee
A person with TB disease
Can infect others
Someone with latent TB infection
Cannot infect others
In health care, objects that have not been contaminated with pathogens
Clean
(Contact, Airborne, Droplet Precaution) Helps prevent the spread of Clostridium difficile and bacteria conjunctivitis
Contact
(Contact, Airborne, Droplet Precaution) Transmission can occur with skin-to-skin contact during transfers or bathing
Contact
(Contact, Airborne, Droplet Precaution) Used when there is a risk of spreading or contracting a microorganism from touching an infected object or person
Contact
Tasks that nursing students are required to were gloves for
Contact with body fluids When the NA may touch blood Assisting with Perineal care Assisting with mouth care Shaving a resident
In health care, the most common way to be infected by a blood borne disease is
Contact with infected blood or certain body fluids
In health care, objects that have been contaminated with pathogens
Dirty
How should dirty linen be rolled or folded?
Dirty area is inside
A process that kills pathogens, but does not destroy all pathogens
Disinfection
(Contact, Airborne, Droplet Precaution) Covering the nose and mouth with a tissue when a person sneezes or coughs and washing hands immediately after sneezing are parts of these precautions
Droplet
(Contact, Airborne, Droplet Precaution) Helps protect against transmission of mumps
Droplet
(Contact, Airborne, Droplet Precaution) Microorganisms can spread by coughing, sneezing, talking, laughing, or suctioning
Droplet
(Contact, Airborne, Droplet Precaution) Used when the microorganisms do not stay suspended in the air and travel only short distances (normally not more than three feet)
Droplet
In what type of environment do microorganisms grow best?
In a warm, moist place
Alcohol-based hand rubs are used
In addition to washing with soap and water
How does the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affect the body
It weakens the immune system so that the body cannot fight infection
An infection that is limited to a specific location in the body
Localized infection
Which link from the chain of infection is broken by wearing gloves, thus preventing the spread of disease
Mode of transmission (a way for the disease to spread)
Which of the following does OSHA consider a significant exposure
NA is stuck by a needle
Which if the following is true if wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) while caring for residents in isolation
Nursing assistant should remove PPE after exiting a residents room
How many times can a gown be worn before it needs to be discarded
One time
How many times can disposable equipment be used before it needs to be discarded?
One time
According to OSHA, employers must give all employees, residents, and visitors____to use when needed
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
The following are necessary links in the chain of infection. By getting a vaccination shot for hepatitis B, which link will a person affect to prevent him from getting this disease?
Susceptible host (person who is likely to get the disease)
An infection that is in the bloodstream and has spread throughout the body
Systemic infection
Which of the following is the primary route of disease transmission within healthcare settings?
The hands of healthcare workers
Which of the following is true of Transmission-Based Precautions?
They are practiced in addition to Standard Precautions
Tb disease is more likely to develop in people
Who have weakened immune systems
Dirty linen should be
carried away from the NA's uniform
