Chapter 6

Cellular respiration accomplishes two major processes: (1) it breaks glucose down into smaller molecules, and (2) it harvests the chemical energy released and stores it in ATP molecules. By the end of _____, the breakdown of glucose is complete; most ATP molecules are produced during _____.

the Citric Acid cycle ... electron transport

Which part(s) of cellular respiration take(s) place in the mitochondria?

the Citric Acid cycle and the electron transport chain

Sunlight is essential for the varied life on Earth. Sunlight provides energy to photosynthetic organisms by providing __________.

the energy necessary to power the rearrangement of chemical bonds in H2O and CO2

As electrons move through the mitochondrial space,

the pH of the intermembrane space decreases.

NADH and FADH 2 are important in cellular respiration because they deliver high-energy electrons to the electron transport system. Electron transport produces _____ ATP molecule(s) per NADH molecule and _____ ATP molecules(s) per FADH 2 molecule.

three ... two

Cellular respiration steps?

1 glucose molecule (fuel) + 6 oxygen molecules (what we inhale) equals 6 carbon dioxide (gas we exhale) + 6 water molecules + ATP (energy for cells)

What is produced from cellular respiration?

Water and CO2

What is produced from photosynthesis in plants?

Glucose- food that plants produce 0xygen- gas produced by photosynthesis

NADH pills can be purchased over the counter and are often taken by sufferers of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). How might these pills benefit a CFS patient?

They would increase the number of electrons provided to the electron transport chain.

Using the ATP generated during cellular respiration, the intermediates of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, such as pyruvate and acetyl CoA, can be siphoned off and used to __________.

build amino acids, fats, and sugars

Each turn of the citric acid cycle generates one ATP and ___ additional energy-rich molecules: __________.

four; 3 NADH and 1 FADH2

Select the correct sequence of steps as energy is extracted from glucose during cellular respiration.

glycolysis → acetyl CoA → citric acid cycle → electron transport chain **Glycolysis produces pyruvic acid, which enters the mitochondrion. There, it is converted to acetyl CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle. Electron carriers bring electrons from the first three steps to the electron transport chain, and ATP is made.**

During cellular respiration, the energy in glucose

is carried by electrons.