Chapter 6- Blood & Lymphatic System
hematocrit (HCT)
% of whole blood volume occupied by red blood cells
blood
A connective tissue with a fluid matrix called plasma in which red blood cells, white blood cells, and cell fragments called platelets are suspended.
anemia
A decrease in erythrocytes or hemoglobin.
hemophilia
A hereditary disease where blood does not coagulate to stop bleeding
AIDS
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
antibody
An antigen-binding immunoglobulin, produced by B cells, that functions as the effector in an immune response.
spleen
An organ that is part of the lymphatic system; it produces lymphocytes, filters the blood, stores blood cells, and destroys old blood cells.
pathogen
An organism that causes disease
MonoSpot
Blood test for infectious mononucleosis.
hemoglobin (Hgb)
Blood tests used to determine the concentration of oxygen carrying compounds hemoglobin in erythrocytes
clotting factors
Chemical and cellular constituents of blood responsible for conversion of fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin, causing blood to clot.
serum
Clear fluid portion of blood that remains after coagulation
plasma
Clear yellowish fluid, about 90 percent water, that suspends cells in the blood
lymphatic system
Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides defense against infection.
pancytopenia
Deficiency of all blood cells
ABO blood group
Genetically determined classes of human blood that are based on the presence or absence of carbohydrates A and B on the surface of red blood cells. The ABO blood group phenotypes, also called blood types, are A, B, AB, and O.
iron deficiency anemia
Hemoglobin levels below normal range because of the body's inadequate supply, intake or absorption of iron; leading hematologic disorder in children; need is greater due to accelerated growth
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
hemoglobin
Iron-containing protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen and transports it to the body
red blood cell indices
Mathematical calculations that identify erythrocyte size and erythrocyte hemoglobim concentration
PT
Physical therapy/patient
immune response
The body's defensive reaction to invasion by bacteria, viral agents, or other foreign substances.
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
The human immunodeficiency virus is the cause of which disease
hemostasis
The stoppage of bleeding
leukocyte
White blood cell
deep vein thrombosis
a blood clot in a deep vein, most often an extremity
prothrombin time
a blood test used to evaluate the common pathway and extrinsic system of clot formation
blood type
a classification of blood that depends on the type of antigen present on the surface of the red blood cell; A, B, AB, or O
sickle cell anemia
a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape
thrombocyte
a platelet
transfusion reaction
a serious, and potentially fatal, complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient's blood and the donated blood do not match
lymph node dissection
a surgical procedure in which all of the lymph nodes in a major group are removed to determine or slow the spread of cancer
pan-
all
hem/o-
blood
thrombus
blood clot
thromb/o-
blood clot (thrombus)
coagulation
blood clotting
septicemia
blood poisoning
blood chemistries
blood tests for kidney function, especially blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine
Rh blood group
category of blood type
pernicious anemia
caused by a lack of the protein intrinsic factor that helps the body absorb vitamin B-12 from the gastrointestinal tract
cyt/o-
cell
CBC
complete blood (cell) count
mononucleosis
condition caused by the Epstein-Barr virus and characterized by an increase in mononuclear cells (monocytes and lymphocytes) in the blood along with enlarged lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy), fatigue, and sore throat (pharyngitis)
-penia
deficiency
thrombocytopenia
deficiency of clotting cells
complete blood count with differential
determination of numbers of blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and red cell values
lymphadenopathy
enlarged lymph nodes
splenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen
ELISA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
-rrhage
excessive flow or discharge
aplastic anemia
failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow
lymph
fluid that flows through the lymphatic system
polycythemia vera
general increase in red blood cells (erythremia)
HCT or Hct
hematocrit
Hgb
hemoglobin
septic/o-
infection
lymph/o-
lymph
erythrocyte
mature red blood cell
electrolytes
mineral substances, such as sodium and potassium, that are normally found in the blood/plasma
erthyrocytes/red blood cell count
number of red blood cells
phlebotomy
opening of a vein to diminish the blood supply
white blood cell differential
percentages of different types of leukocytes in the blood
anisocytosis
presence of red blood cells of unequal size
antigen
protein marker on the cell membrane of an erythrocyte that indicates blood type
venipuncture
puncture of a vein to remove blood, instill a medication, or start an intravenous infusion.
eryth/o-
red
RBC
red blood cell
lymph nodes
small encapsulated pieces of lymphoid tissue located along lymphatic vessels
splenectomy
surgical removal of the spleen
lymphedema
swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues
hemorrhage
the loss of a large amount of blood in a short time
bone marrow aspiration
the process of removing a small sample of bone marrow from a selected site with a needle for the purpose of examining the specimen under a microscope
phleb/o-
vein
ven/i-
vein
lymph vessels
vessels that receive lymph from the lymph capillaries and circulate it to the lymph nodes
autologous blood transfusion
when a person receives blood or a blood component that has been previously collected from that person through reinfusion
leuk/o-
white
WBC
white blood cell
leukocytes/white blood cells
white blood cells
blood transfusion
whole blood or cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient