Chapter 6 Cognitive Psych UCF
facts
As people get older, their memories of past experiences tend to have an emphasis on ________.
the stimulus category remained the same.
Wickens et al.'s "fruit, meat, and professions" experiment failed to show a release from proactive interference in the "fruit" group because
implicit and procedural
Work with brain-injured patients reveals that ___________ memory does not depend on conscious memory.
Identifying a photograph of his childhood home
A man suffering from Korsakoff's syndrome would be able to perform which of the following activities without difficulty?
remembering graduating from college.
A patient with impaired episodic memory would most likely have the greatest difficulty in
reliving
According to Tulving, an episodic memory is distinguished by the process of ________ it.
it always corresponds to events from our past that actually happened.
According to Tulving, the defining property of the experience of episodic memory is that
it involves mental time travel.
According to Tulving, the defining property of the experience of episodic memory is that
50 First Dates
According to your text, which of the following movies is LEAST accurate in its portrayal of a memory problem?
Propaganda
Believing that a particular statement is true simply because you have seen the statement in previous instances is known as the ________ effect.
aware; unaware
Explicit memory is to ___________ as implicit memory is to ___________.
autobiographical
From a cognitive psychology perspective, memories from specific experiences in our life are defined as being ________.
a build-up and release of proactive interference.
Lamar has just gotten a new job and is attending a company party where he will meet his colleagues for the first time. His boss escorts him around to small groups to introduce him. At the first group, Lamar meets four people and is told only their first names. The same thing happens with a second group and a third group. At the fourth group, Lamar is told their names and that one of the women in the group is the company accountant. A little while later, Lamar realizes that he only remembers the names of the people in the first group, though he also remembers the profession of the last woman he met (the accountant). Lamar's experience demonstrates
procedural
Lucille is teaching Kendra how to play racquetball. She explains how to hold the racquet, how to stand, and how to make effective shots. These learned skills that Lucille has acquired are an example of ___________ memory.
attended the singer's concert last year with her boyfriend.
Ming is taking a memory test. She is more likely to recall the name of a popular singer if she had
both the first and last words
Murdoch's "remembering a list" experiment described the serial position curve and found that memory is best for ___________ of a list.
are caused by different mechanisms that act independently.
Neuropsychological evidence indicates that short- and long-term memories probably
skill
Procedural memories are also known as ________ memories.
Counting backward for 30 seconds before recall
Regarding free recall of a list of items, which of the following will most likely cause the recency effect to disappear by preventing rehearsal?
two
Researchers understood that KF had experienced a decline in short-term memory capacity because he had a digit span of ________ .
form
The coding of a stimulus into memory refers to which of the following?
future
The constructive episodic stimulation hypothesis describes how our memories are connected to our ________.
the hippocampus
The dramatic case of patient H.M. clearly illustrates that ___________ is crucial for the formation of long-term memories.
Semantic
The predominant type of coding in long-term memory is
long-term
The primacy effect (from the serial position curve experiment) is associated with ___________ memory.
recall of information stored in long-term memory.
The primacy effect is attributed to
simply because we have been exposed to them before.
The propaganda effect demonstrates that we evaluate familiar statements as being true
task
The type of coding that occurs in a particular situation primarily depends on the ________.
recognition
This multiple-choice question is an example of a ___________ test.
decreases the recency effect.
When investigating the serial position curve, delaying the memory test for 30 seconds
Visual, semantic, episodic
Which of the following correctly lists types of memory from least to most complex?
Long-term memories are unaffected by damage to the hippocampus.
Which of the following is NOT a conclusion from the case of H.M., who had an operation to help alleviate his epileptic seizures?
Semantic memory
Which of the following is NOT an example of an implicit memory?
I remember the big island of Hawaii has many active volcanoes.
Which of the following is an example of a semantic memory?
The propaganda effect
Which of the following is most closely associated with implicit memory?
Autobiographical memories can involve both episodic and semantic content.
Which of the following statements is the most accurate with regard to autobiographical memories?
Because it involves learning an association without being aware of the reasons behind it.
Why is classical conditioning considered a form of implicit memory?
intact episodic memory but defective semantic memory.
Your text describes an "Italian woman" who, after an attack of encephalitis, had difficulty remembering people or facts she knew before. She could, however, remember her life events and daily tasks. Her memory behavior reflects
the knowledge that makes up semantic memories is initially attained through a personal experience based in episodic memory.
Your text discusses how episodic and semantic memories are interconnected. This discussion revealed that when we experience events,
implicit
___________ memories are those that we are not aware of.
Episodic; semantic
___________ memories are to experiences as ___________ memories are to facts.