Chapter 6: Homework Set

What best characterizes the relapse rate for individuals with depression who are treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?

It is fairly high

Can help prevent manic episodes

Lithium

Juanita has a history of suicidal tendencies and was recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Valproate and lithium are both used to treat bipolar disorder, but which drug is Juanita's psychiatrist likely to prescribe and why?

Lithium, because it is more effective at preventing suicide

An older woman with cyclothymia learns meditation techniques to focus on being in the moment and to treat both depressive and euphoric thoughts as passing events, not indicators of reality.

Mindfulness based cognitive therapy

Can have dangerous interaction with certain foods and drugs

Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) inhibitor

Compared to people with major depressive disorder, people with persistent depressive disorder are:

More likely to attempt suicide

May increase suicide risk for adolescents

Selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)

A young man with depression is asked to carefully monitor his moods, thoughts, and activities for a week, and then he and his therapist will develop a plan to help him better regulate his mood and activities.

Self-Control therapy

Bipolar disorder typically begins at ___________ major depressive disorder.

an earlier age than

Mood disorders that include ___1___ episodes alternating with ___2___ episodes are known as bipolar disorders. Psychologists differentiate between several different types of bipolar disorder.

1) manic 2) depressive

Relapse in bipolar disorder often correlates with family ___1___. Individuals with bipolar disorder who receive a family-focused treatment with their medication experience ___2___ those who receive crisis management training.

1) tension 2) less relapse than

We now know that the risk for developing a depressive disorder is fairly low until ____1____, and the risk ___2___ steadily after that.

1) the early teens 2) increases

The most severe form of depression is called a major depressive episode. Identify the symptoms that are characteristic of a major depressive episode.

Anger directed at others Racing thoughts Altered sleep habits Sluggish movements

Blocks norepinephrine in addition to serotonin

Mixed reuptake inhibitor

In addition to biological treatments such as medication and electroconvulsive therapy, a number of different psychological interventions are useful in treating mood disorders. Two approaches that have garnered considerable empirical support, particularly for depression, include ____________________________ and _________________.

cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy

There appears to be a genetically based, biological vulnerability that is often the same for depression and __1__. A common psychological vulnerability for these disorders may be a feeling of not being able to __2__.

1) anxiety 2) cope

Overall, women are more likely to be ____1____ than men, but they are about equally likely to have _____2_____.

1) depressed 2) a bipolar disorder

A manic episode includes an extended period of elevated mood, often accompanied by excessive feelings of joy and hyperactivity. During a mixed features episode, the person typically experiences the symptoms of _____1_____ with mania, while a ____2____ episode is a less severe version of a manic episode.

1) depression or anxiety 2) Hypomanic

If Eleanor's positive moods elevated to the severe range (full manic episodes) from her Bipolar II, what would her diagnosis likely be?

Bipolar I Disorder

A young woman with bipolar II disorder learns to recognize the positive aspects of events during episodes of depression instead of overemphasizing the negative.

Cognitive therapy

Deborah recently started interpersonal psychotherapy for depression. If she and her therapist identify a key dispute Deborah has with her parents that seems to precipitate or cause the depression, what will the therapist likely do next? Tell Deborah how to resolve the dispute Help Deborah determine the stage of the dispute Help Deborah resolve the dispute Tell Deborah what the stage of the dispute is

Help Deborah determine the stage of the dispute

Beck's cognitive therapy is typically delivered during weekly sessions. What is something a client might be asked to do between sessions?

Identify negative cognitive schemas that are triggering maladaptive thinking errors

People who have lost a loved one often undergo a period of grief that includes sadness, anxiety, and difficulty accepting the finality of death. Most people are able to make it through this phase, though it often takes time. At what point do mental health professionals worry about the possibility that someone has a psychological disorder?

If their grief lasts for more than 6-12 months

Why is depression in older adults sometimes said to be a vicious cycle?

Increased illness and isolation in old age lead to depression, which then leads to greater illness and isolation.

A woman who developed postpartum depression after the birth of her first child starts therapy with her husband to help him understand her disorder and to help both of them clarify their new roles and responsibilities as parents.

Interpersonal Psychotherapy

For an individual with biological and psychological vulnerability to bipolar disorder, which event would most likely trigger a manic episode? Going through a divorce Working on a paper at a slow, moderate pace Starting a new job

Starting a new job

A person's culture often has an impact on the development of mood disorders, particularly depression. Which of the following statements accurately describe the relationship between depression and culture? The physical symptoms associated with depression are similar across cultures. People who live in a collectivist culture tend to view depression as an individual issue. The subjective feelings associated with depression are expressed similarly across cultures.

The physical symptoms associated with depression are similar across cultures. People who live in a collectivist culture tend to view depression as an individual issue.

Which of the following is true about mood disorders in children? They are much more prevalent in boys than in girls. They are similar to mood disorders in adults but are caused by entirely different factors. They are fundamentally similar to mood disorders in adults but can have different presenting symptoms. They are fundamentally different from mood disorders in adults but have the same presenting symptoms.

They are fundamentally similar to mood disorders in adults but can have different presenting symptoms.

Lethal overdoses possible

Tricyclic Inhibitor

Both biological and psychological treatments are frequently used to help people suffering from mood disorders. A variety of antidepressant medications have been developed and can be effective. Other biological treatments, such as ____________, are also sometimes used.

electroconvulsive therapy

As with all psychological disorders, psychologists are very interested in the prevalence of _________. Understanding the relation between these disorders and variables such as age, development, gender, ethnicity, and culture can be helpful for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

mood disorders

Everyone experiences feelings of joy and sadness. But for some individuals, these moods become so extreme or long lasting that they cause significant distress or impairment. Such problems are referred to as ___________ and are characterized by experiences of depression, mania, or both.

mood disorders