Chapter 6 - Principles of Design

Design or composition is a ________. a. set of rules b. way of unifying c. beginning only d. process e. choice

d. process

Rhythm in the arts is created by__________. a. design b. absence c. increase d. repetition e. processing

d. repetition

Scale refers to ________. a. proportion b. placement c. repetition d. size e. human dimensions

d. size

The Book of Kings (Fig. 6.29) is an example of __________ balance. a. Asymmetrical b. Folk c. Medieval d. Formal e. Radial

e. Radial

The Greeks found further meaning in the golden rectangle by relating it to another form found in nature. a. The tree b. The weather c. The snow d. The minerals e. The spiral

e. The spiral

When the variations to the right and left side of the composition are more than slight, yet there remains an overall sense of balance, there is said to be ________. a. imbalance b. pure balance c. formal balance d. symmetrical balance e. asymmetrical balance

e. asymmetrical balance

Which kind of balance is achieved when the design elements radiate out from a center point? a. asymmetrical balance b. horizontal balance c. vertical balance d. imbalance e. radial balance

e. radial balance

One of the earliest artists to be credited with the derivation of a canon of proportions is ________. a. Polykleitos b. George Segal c. Nike de Saint-Phalle d. Thomas Hart Benton e. Leonardo da Vinci

a. Polykleitos

Hierarchical scale is a relative size device that an artist uses to indicate the relative importance of the objects or figures in a work of art. a. True b. False

a. True

Color and value contrast are two devices that can be manipulated to provide __________. a. emphasis b. proportion c. value d. repetition e. scale

a. emphasis

________ is the comparative relationship, or ratio, of things to one another. a. Balance b. Proportion c. Rhythmic arrangement d. Visual unity e. Design

b. Proportion

In works of art displaying horizontal balance the elements in the _________ portions of the composition are approximately equal in number or visual emphasis. a. upper and lower b. center c. inside and outside d. left and right e. corners

d. left and right

An alternating rhythm occurs when different elements in a work of art or architecture are repeated in unpredictable order. a. True b. False

b. False

Emphasis on a particular area or image in a composition can be affected when several of its components direct the viewer's gaze towards several points. a. True b. False

b. False

The geometric pattern or rule that is the basis of the organization of the east façade of the Parthenon (Fig. 6.40) is called the root-seven rectangle. a. True b. False

b. False

Design or composition is a process-the act of organizing the visual elements to affect a desired ________ end in a work of art. a. end b. aesthetic c. painted d. style e. random

b. aesthetic

Polykleitos's Canon of Proportions refers to ________. a. armaments b. the ideal human body c. architectural design d. golden sections e. vertical balance

b. the ideal human body

______________on a particular area or image in a composition can be affected when several of its components direct the viewer's gaze toward a focal point. a. balance b. symmetry c. emphasis d. unity e. imbalance

c. emphasis

Leonardo da Vinci's Proportions of the Human Figure is an example of ________. a. approximate symmetry b. asymmetrical balance c. symmetry d. scale e. harmony

c. symmetry