chapter 6

Which of the following factors contribute to the integrative theory of depression? Stress hormones Stressful life events Neurotransmitters All of these are correct

All of these are correct

n severe cases of depression where the episode lasts five years or longer, how many of these patients can be expected to recover? All About half None Approximately one-third

Approximately one-third

One symptom of depression is an increase in sleeping. What other symptom related to sleep occurs in depression? Less intense REM activity Slower onset of REM sleep Stages of deepest sleep occurring earlier in the sleep cycle Decreased slow wave sleep, the deepest stage of sleep

Decreased slow wave sleep, the deepest stage of sleep

Grandiosity

Exaggerated belief in or claims about one's importance or identity

Which of the following statements about suicide is correct? Females are more likely than males to die from suicide. For college students, suicide is the second leading cause of death. The suicide rate among adolescents in the United States is decreasing. The suicide rate is high among African Americans but low among Native Americans.

For college students, suicide is the second leading cause of death.

Which of the following is a symptom of a manic episode? Slowed speech Hypersomnia Grandiosity Hypoactive behavior

Grandiosity

According to your textbook, which of the following female historical figures suffered from depression?

Joan of Arc

Which of the following is a risk associated with misdiagnosing children with bipolar disorder, when in fact they have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)? Medications for bipolar disorder are very potent and have serious side effects. ADHD is more impairing than bipolar disorder, so one would be ignoring the real problem. There are no major risks, as the two disorders are so similar that treatments are essentially the same. Insurance companies don't recognize childhood bipolar disorder and will not reimburse treatment for it.

Medications for bipolar disorder are very potent and have serious side effects.

Although grieving is considered a normal process, it does sometimes become a psychological disorder. Which of the following cases would NOT be diagnosed as complicated grief? Dr. D's cat died 18 months ago. In addition to his depressive symptoms, he cannot stop replaying the scene of her death in his mind, which is interfering with his social life. Two years ago, Miss B has experienced the death of a close friend. She is so depressed that she has no appetite or energy, and believes that she will never be truly happy again without her friend. Mr. A's sister suddenly passed away from illness about a year ago. Mr. A is still suffering from severe depression and persistent thoughts of joining his sister in heaven. Mrs. C's dog recently died. Three weeks later, her friends suggest that she get another dog "to help her get over the loss." Mrs. C refuses, saying she just isn't ready to get another dog and still has trouble accepting that "Duchess" is gone.

Mrs. C's dog recently died. Three weeks later, her friends suggest that she get another dog "to help her get over the loss." Mrs. C refuses, saying she just isn't ready to get another dog and still has trouble accepting that "Duchess" is gone.

Some possible reasons for the higher rates of depression found in women relate to the disadvantages experienced by women in the United States, such as discrimination and poverty. abuse and sexual harassment.

both: discrimination and poverty. abuse and sexual harassment.

At various times, Cynthia, a 20-year-old college student, has always been considered by her family and/or friends to be moody, high-strung, explosive, or hyperactive. Knowing the criteria for mood disorders, you would diagnose Cynthia with cyclothymia. panic disorder. major depressive disorder. disrupted mood dysregulation disorder.

cyclothymia.

Side effects associated with tricyclic antidepressants include all of the following EXCEPT dry mouth difficulty urinating. blurred vision. difficulty falling asleep.

difficulty falling asleep.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is best categorized as a(an) endocrine disorder physical disorder disorder of mood dysregulation disorder

disorder of mood

Being depressed ________ the risk of death in elderly patients who have had a stroke or heart attack. reduces has no effect on doubles triples

doubles

Research has found that low serotonin levels may be implicated in suicidal behavior because they affect all of the following EXCEPT overreaction. instability. inertia. impulsivity.

inertia.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation is the last resort treatment for depression because it causes memory loss. replacing ECT as the standard electro-treatment for depression. more intrusive than ECT. less effective than ECT.

less effective than ECT.

Mood disorders can take on many forms; one of the most severe, involving repeated episodes of extremely low mood, is referred to as Melancholia. persistent depressive disorder. major depressive disorder. cyclothymia

major depressive disorder.

Although the mood-stabilizing drug lithium is the preferred treatment for bipolar disorder, patient compliance has been a problem. Patients often stop taking their lithium, even though it is effective in stabilizing their moods, because they miss the euphoric feelings that mania produces. become anxious that the drug is too toxic. cannot afford the high cost of the medication. start to have panic attacks.

miss the euphoric feelings that mania produces.

Although ECT (electroconvulsive therapy) has been a controversial issue for decades, it is an effective treatment for depression, especially when patients cannot afford antidepressant medication. a manic-depressive patient is currently experiencing a manic episode. symptoms of depression are mild. patient response to antidepressant medication is poor.

patient response to antidepressant medication is poor.

When used in connection with mood disorders, "flight of ideas" means: anxiety about airplane travel. rapid speech expressing many exciting ideas at once. limited imagination reflected in a slow way of speaking. an increase in creative ideas.

rapid speech expressing many exciting ideas at once.

Clinical studies have shown that 50% to 75% of patients taking Prozac and other SSRIs will experience manic episodes. sexual dysfunction. suicidal tendencies. cardiac irregularities.

sexual dysfunction.