Chapter 6 Sectional Anatomy

The secondary bronchi further divide into the ?????

Tertiary or segmental bronchi

The inner surface of the fibrous pericardium consists of a double-layered serous membrane termed the serous pericardium. True/false

True

The left pulmonary artery is shorter and smaller than the right pulmonary artery and is the most superior of the pulmonary vessels. True/false

True

The right coronary artery arises from the base or root of the aorta. True/false

True

The right superior pulmonary vein passes anterior and inferior to the right pulmonary artery. True/false

True

The superior vena cava is formed by the junction of the: a. Internal jugular veins b. External jugular veins c. Subclavian veins d. Brachiocephalic veins

d. Brachiocephalic veins

The aorta arises from the: a. Right atrium b. Left atrium c. Right ventricle d. Left ventricle

d. Left ventricle

The thickest, strongest muscle in the heart is located in the: a. Right atrium b. Left atrium c. Right ventricle d. Left ventricle

d. Left ventricle

Which of the following makes up the apex of the heart? a. Right atrium b. Left atrium c. Right ventricle d. Left ventricle

d. Left ventricle

What are the three main branches of the aortic arch?

Brachiocephalic trunk Left common carotid artery Left subclavian artery.

Another name for the medial angle of the lung is the ?????

Cardiophrenic sulcus

The trachea bifurcates into the left and right main stem bronchi at approximately the level of T10. True/false

False- At approximately the level of T4-T5

The ascending aorta begins at the base of the right ventricle. True/false

False- The ascending aorta begins at the base of the left ventricle.

The ????? is the area where vessels and nerves enter and exit the lungs.

Hilum

What is the opening on the medial surface of the lungs called?

Hilum

What are the tributaries of the superior vena cava?

Left and right brachiocephalic veins

What muscles elevate the ribs?

Levatores costarum

Within the mediastinum, clusters of ????? are clumped around the great vessels, esophagus, bronchi, and carina.

Lymph nodes

The ????? layer of the breast consists of glandular tissue, excretory ducts, and connective tissues.

Mammary

The ????? is the middle muscular layer of the heart wall

Myocardium

What is the middle layer of the heart wall?

Myocardium

The ????? supplies blood to the right atrium and right ventricle of the heart.

Right coronary artery

What muscle originates on the angles of the superior 8th or 9th ribs and inserts on the medial border of the scapula. Acts to laterally rotate and protract the scapula.

Serratus anterior

What is the muscle that laterally rotates and protracts the scapula?

Serratus anterior muscle

What muscle originates on the first rib and cartilage and inserts on the inferior surface of the clavicle. Acts to depress the shoulder.

Subclavius

What are the three layers of breast tissue?

Subcutaneous layer Mammary layer retromammary layer

Semilunar valve is the corresponding feature of the ?????

Aortic valve

What are the 6 structures located within the mediastinum?

-Thymus gland -Trachea -Esophagus -Lymph nodes -Thoracic duct -Heart and vessels -Nerves

What areas of the body does the thoracic duct drain?

All tissues below the diaphragm and from the left side of the body above the diaphragm.

The ????? venous system provides collateral circulation between the inferior and superior vena cava.

Azygos

The ????? is an example of collateral circulation (alternate pathway)

Azygos vein

What are the cords of connective tissue in the breasts?

Cooper's ligaments

Deep pockets or recesses of the pleural cavities are the costomediastinal and ????? recesses.

Costodiaphragmatic

The lateral angle of the lung is termed the ?????

Costophrenic sulcus

The diaphragm is attached to the lumbar spine via two tendinous structures termed ?????

Crura

What is the chief muscle of respiration?

Diaphragm

The ????? is located between the parietal pericardium and the heart wall and is most prominent around the inflow and outflow of the heart.

Epicardial fat

The inferior lobe of the right lung is separated from the middle and superior lobes by the horizontal fissure. True/false

False- The oblique fissure separates the inferior lobe of the right lung from the middle and superior lobes. The horizontal fissure separates the middle lobe from the superior lobe.

The visceral pleura is continuous with the thoracic wall and diaphragm and moves with these structures during respiration. True/false

False- The parietal pleura is the outer layer of the pleura. It is continuous with the thoracic wall and diaphragm and moves with these structures during respiration.

The pulmonary semilunar valve is located at the juncture of the left ventricle and pulmonary trunk. True/false

False- The pulmonary semilunar valve is located at the juncture of the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk.

What muscle originates from the clavicular head and sternal head and inserts on the bicipital grove of the humerus and deltoid tuberosity? Acts to flex, adduct and medially rotate arm.

Pectoralis major

What muscle originates on the anterior surface of the 3rd-5th ribs and inserts on the coracoid process of the scapula. Acts to elevate the ribs of scapula, protracts scapula and assists serratus anterior?

Pectoralis minor

The heart is lined by a serous membrane called the ?????

Pericardium

What carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

Pulmonary arteries

The four ????? bring oxygenated blood to the left atrium.

Pulmonary veins

The aperture known as the ????? allows for the passage of nerves, vessels, and viscera from the neck into the thoracic cavity.

Thoracic inlet

The thymus gland produces ?????, a hormone which is responsible for the development and maturation of lymphocytes.

Thymosin

The ????? is considered the primary lymphatic organ.

Thymus gland

The right atrioventricular valve is the corresponding feature of the ?????

Tricuspid valve

During embryonic development of the heart, an oval opening exists within the interatrial septum called the foramen ovale. True/false

True

Each lung has an opening on its medial surface termed the hilum. True/false

True

What covers the lungs surface?

Visceral pleura

Another name for the trachea

Windpipe

The first vessel to branch off the aortic arch is the: a. Brachiocephalic trunk b. Left common carotid artery c. Left subclavian artery d. Left vertebral artery

a. Brachiocephalic trunk

Which of the following is the chief muscle of respiration? a. Intercostals b. Diaphragm c. Rhomboid d. Serratus

b. Diaphragm

Which of the following is located between the upper thoracic vertebrae and trachea? a. Aorta b. Esophagus c. Thoracic duct d. Azygos vein

b. Esophagus

The pulmonary veins bring blood to the: a. Right atrium b. Left atrium c. Right ventricle d. Left ventricle

b. Left atrium

Which of the following is not considered a mediastinal structure? a. Heart b. Lungs c. Trachea d. Thymus gland

b. Lungs

Collateral circulation between the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava is supplied by the: a. Thoracic veins b. Subclavian veins c. Azygos veins d. Intercostal veins

c. Azygos veins