Chapter 6 Skin
What is one important function for melanin?
absorb harmful radiation
The presence of _____ is an indication of being in the hypodermis.
adipose
What is the medical term for male pattern baldness?
androgenic alopecia
The epidermal ridges or fingerprints are probably caused by the ____.
dermal papillae
A group of cells that surrounds the developing hair is called the _____.
follicle
The stratum basale is also called the stratum _____.
germinativum
A _____ is a procedure that uses skin from a deceased person to treat a burned area.
homograft
Meissner corpuscles respond to a stimulus of _____.
light touch
Adipose tissue is most abundant in the ________________ layer of the skin.
subcutaneous
Sweat glands can also be called _____ glands.
sudoriferous
Which of these phrases does not characterize the dermis? A) conical dermal papillae B) thinner in areas receiving greater friction and use C) loss of elasticity with age and sun exposure D) muscle and nerve fibers
thinner in areas receiving greater friction and use
The color of red hair is due to _____.
trichosiderin
The following relate to sebaceous glands except which one? A) produce sebum B) are associated with hair follicles C) provide waterproofing D) use merocrine methods
use merocrine methods
The term goose bumps is directly related to which structures?
arrector pili
Goose bumps in the skin are caused by contraction of the _____ in response to cold or emotions.
arrector pili muscles
Calluses are thickened areas that are formed in response to a/an _____.
increase in friction pressure
Mesothelium is a term that refers to _____ membranes.
serous
Which type of membrane is found around the abdominal organs?
serous
Choose the response that the body employs to raise body temperature only when the others listed have failed. A) constricted skin blood vessels B) sweat glands inactivated C) slight skeletal muscle contraction D) shivering
shivering
Melanocytes lie within the _________________ of the skin.
stratum basale and upper dermis
Hairs arise from which layer of the skin?
stratum basale of the epidermis
The protective dead layer of cells of the outer epidermis is called the _______________.
stratum corneum
Where is the greatest amount of keratin found?
stratum corneum
Which term does not belong with the others? A) basal cells B) stratum corneum C) stratum germinativum D) germinal layer
stratum corneum
Unlike the other major membranes of the body, _______________ membranes lack an epithelial layer.
synovial
Which type of membrane is comprised of only connective tissue?
synovial
The functions of the skin include all of these except __________________. A) taking in nutrients B) preventing the entry of microorganisms C) retarding water loss D) regulating body temperature
taking in nutrients
What actually controls and maintains body temperature?
the hypothalamus
What is the main factor in preserving body heat?
the presence of adipose
The strength of the dermis would mainly be due to _____.
the presence of collagen fibers
What is the major factor that protects skin from the damaging effects of sunlight?
the presence of melanin
Which statement is true about tans and tanning? A) Sunning for the purpose of tanning produces healthier skin. B) A tan indicates sun damage to the skin. C) Tans last even if the skin is not exposed to the sun for months. D) Tanning promotes skin with a more youthful appearance.
A tan indicates sun damage to the skin.
The _____ structures are associated with detecting deep pressure within the skin.
Pacinian corpuscles
The following belong together except which one? A) acne vulgaris B) alopecia C) comedones D) pustules
alopecia
A(n) _________________ is the transplanting of one's own skin from an unburned region of the body to a burned area.
autograft
The pigment producing melanocytes are found in the _____ layer.
basale
The youngest cells would be found in the stratum _____.
basale
The _____ separates the epidermis from the dermis.
basement membrane
The pigment _____ found in vegetables can impart a yellow or orange color to the skin.
carotene
The yellowish color of some person's skin is due to _____.
carotene
Heat loss occurs from the body by each of these methods except __________________.
cellular respiration
Modified sweat glands, called __________________ glands, secrete wax in the ear canal.
ceruminous
The greatest source of body heat is through _____.
contraction of skeletal muscle
The skin is called the _____ membrane.
cutaneous
Cells that surround melanocytes may contain more melanin than the melanocytes because of the process of _____.
cytocrine secretion
The subcutaneous layer can also be referred to as the _____.
hypodermis
Most of the sensory fibers and structures are located in the _____ region.
dermis
It is the body's __________________ glands that respond to higher body temperature and release water to the skin surface.
eccrine
Hair and fingernails are derived from the _____ cells.
epidermal
Which term does not belong with the others? A) epidermis B) dermis C) cutaneous membrane D) subcutaneous region
epidermis
Within the skin, a basement membrane can be found separating the ________________ and the __________________.
epidermis; dermis
Skin cancer most likely arises from which type cells?
epithelial cells
The main tissue in the dermis is _____.
loose connective tissue
The _____ is the thick white area of the nail that reflects the rapid growth of the cells below it.
lunula
The most active growing region of the nails is the _____.
lunula
Within nails, the most rapidly dividing cells can be found in the __________________.
lunula
The darkness of hair is due mainly due to _____.
melanin concentration
Which membrane can be comprised of the most diverse types of epithelial and connective tissues?
mucous
The following terms belong together except which one? A) bedsore B) necrosis C) decubitus ulcer D) pressure ulcer
necrosis
Cyanosis usually is the result of a reduction in _____.
oxygen levels
The following are functions of the skin except which one? A) protects joints B) prevents water loss C) reduces the chance of infection D) protects against harmful chemicals
protects joints
The major loss of heat through the skin is by _____.
radiation
The part of the hair below the surface of the skin is called the _____.
root
The part of the hair from the surface into the dermis is the _____.
root
