Chapter 7: Brazil
Trees absorb carbon dioxide and produces oxygen, and produces many modern medicines.
Why is it important to protect the Amazon rain forest?
The equator runs through it
Why is the climate so hot in the Amazon Basin?
Rains that fall north and south of the equator pours into the region.
What causes flooding in the Amazon lowlands?
Sugar cane
What crop did enslaved Native Americans help produce?
Ethanol
What do you call a fuel that can be made from sugar cane?
Social services
What do you call programs designed to help the poor?
Urban planning
What do you call the deliberate designing of a city?
Rubber, 1879-1912
What export came from Western Brazil and when?
Africans, Europeans, Portuguese, Catholics, and Christians.
What groups and traditions have shaped Brazilian culture?
Similar to the U.S. with a President (Executive Branch), Two houses (Legislative Branch), and Federal Supreme Court (Judicial Branch). President and Legislature voted in by the people.
What is the basic structure of Brazil's national government?
Market Economy
What is the financial system in which the prices of goods are set by demand, not by the government?
A Republic
What kind of government did Brazil adopt after the empire fell?
The lack of rain (water) and the abundance of heat
What might explain the lack of farming in certain areas?
Northeast region
What parts of Brazil experience drought and floods?
Brazilwood, sugar cane, gold, diamonds, coffee, and rubber
What products went through periods of boom and bust?
Africans, Native Americans, and Portuguese
What three cultures came together in Brazil?
1822
What year did Brazil become an empire under Pedro I?
1889
What year did Brazil become an independent republic?
1930
What year did Dictator Getulio Vargas overthrow the government?
1807
What year did Portugal's royal family flee to Brazil?
1500
What year did Portuguese explorers come to the land now known as Brazil?
1494
What year did the Treaty of Tordesillas give Portugal colonization rights to Brazil?
1888
What year did were all of the slaves in Brazil set free?
Coastal cities
Where do most Brazilians live?
The Andes
Where does the Amazon River begin?
The Atlantic Ocean, near Belem
Where does the Amazon River end?
The tropical wet and dry region
Which climate zone might be the poorest for crops?
They fled or died of European diseases
Why did the Portuguese replace Native American slaves with African slaves?
Savanna
A park-like landscape of grasslands, as well as forests; the Cerrado in the Brazilian Highlands.
Boom and bust cycle
A period of strong economic growth followed by a period of sharp decline
Brazilwood
A wood that produces a red dye
Export economy
An economy based on set up selling resources or goods to other nations by the Portuguese
Coup
An overthrow of the government
Curitiba
Brazil's "Green City"
Amazon River
Brazil's best-known physical feature that pours some 58 billion gallons of fresh water into the ocean every second.
Sao Paulo
Brazil's largest city
Rio de Janeiro
Brazil's second largest city
Favelas
Brazilian slums that are located in the outskirts of the city.
A region of plateaus and hills, and an area of wetlands to the west.
What is the landscape like in the south?
It goes from tropical wet and dry in the north to humid subtropical in the south.
How does climate differ in the south?
They no longer depend on one single product. They produce iron, manganese, tin, oil, natural gas, timber, rubber, diamonds, gold, vehicles, coffee, sugar cane, ethanol, and soybeans.
How has Brazil diversified its economy?
City center
In Brazilian cities, where are wealthy neighborhoods located?
Guiana Highlands and the Brazilian Highlands
Name the highland areas of Brazil
Amazon Basin and Pantanal
Name the lowland areas of Brazil
Abolitionists
People who are interested in ending slavery.
Igapo
Permanently flooded forests
Rubber, palm oil, and timber for furniture, flooring, and other products
Resource produced in the forest regions?
Ranchers raise cattle
Resources found in the dry northeast region and in the grasslands of the Brazilian Highlands?
Crops such as coffee, oranges, and soybeans
Resources grown in the southern and southeastern coastal areas?
Iron ore, bauxite, and gold
Resources produced in the Brazilian Highlands?
Varsea
Seasonally flooded forests
Treaty of the Tordesillas of 1494
Spain claimed all American lands west of a set line of longitude.
Amazon Basin
The land drained by the Amazon River, and is 2.7 million square miles.
Canopy
The upper leaves of rain forest trees, like a leafy tent.
